最开始写的代码,每个结点用一个匿名哈希来表示,可惜运行时错误。。。代码如下
use strict ; use warnings ;
sub create_tree { my $n8 = { 'left' => undef , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 8 , } ;
my $n6 = { 'left' => undef , 'right' => \$n8 , 'value' => 6 , };
my $n5 = { 'left' => undef , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 5 , };
my $n7 = { 'left' => undef , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 7 , };
my $n2 = { 'left' => \$n5 , 'right' => \$n6 , 'value' => 2 , };
my $n4 = { 'left' => \$n7 , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 4 , };
my $n1 = { 'left' => \$n2 , 'right' => \$n4 , 'value' => 1 , };
return $n1 ; }
sub print_tree { my $root = shift ; if ($root) { print $root->{value}, "\n" ; if ($root->{left}) { &print_tree($root->{left}) ; } if($root->{right}) { &print_tree($root->{right}) ; } } }
sub main { my $root = &create_tree() ; &print_tree($root) ; }
&main() ;
1 ;
修改一下就可以了,因为$n8, $n6等本来就是引用,当他们作为其他结点的叶子结点时,不用再加\了,修改如下:
use strict ; use warnings ;
sub create_tree { my $n8 = { 'left' => undef , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 8 , } ;
my $n6 = { 'left' => undef , 'right' => $n8 , 'value' => 6 , };
my $n5 = { 'left' => undef , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 5 , };
my $n7 = { 'left' => undef , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 7 , };
my $n2 = { 'left' => $n5 , 'right' => $n6 , 'value' => 2 , };
my $n4 = { 'left' => $n7 , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 4 , };
my $n1 = { 'left' => $n2 , 'right' => $n4 , 'value' => 1 , };
return $n1 ; }
sub print_tree { my $root = shift ; if ($root) { print $root->{value}, "\n" ; if ($root->{left}) { &print_tree($root->{left}) ; } if($root->{right}) { &print_tree($root->{right}) ; } } }
sub main { my $root = &create_tree() ; &print_tree($root) ; }
&main() ;
1
心血来潮,又试了另外一种方法,结点用实名哈希表示,当结点作为其他结点的子结点时,用引用表示,此法虽不简洁,但可运行
use strict ; use warnings ;
sub create_tree { my %n8 = ( 'left' => undef , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 8 , ) ;
my %n6 = ( 'left' => undef , 'right' => \%n8 , 'value' => 6 , );
my %n5 = ( 'left' => undef , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 5 , );
my %n7 = ( 'left' => undef , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 7 , );
my %n2 = ( 'left' => \%n5 , 'right' => \%n6 , 'value' => 2 , );
my %n4 = ( 'left' => \%n7 , 'right' => undef , 'value' => 4 , );
my %n1 = ( 'left' => \%n2 , 'right' => \%n4 , 'value' => 1 , );
return \%n1 ; }
sub print_tree { my $root = shift ; if ($root) { print $root->{value}, "\n" ; if ($root->{left}) { &print_tree($root->{left}) ; } if($root->{right}) { &print_tree($root->{right}) ; } } }
sub main { my $root = &create_tree() ; &print_tree($root) ; }
&main() ;
1
一时兴起,又试了一种方法,此法更简单,直接按树形构造哈希表。
use strict ; use warnings ;
sub create_tree { my %root = ( 'left' => { 'left' => { 'left' => undef, 'right' => undef, 'value' => 5, }, 'right' => { 'left' => undef, 'right' => { 'left' => undef, 'right' => undef, 'value' => 8, }, 'value' => 6, }, 'value' => 2, }, 'right' => { 'left' => { 'left' => undef, 'right' => undef, 'value' => 7, }, 'right' => undef, 'value' => 4, }, 'value' => 1, ) ;
return \%root; }
sub print_tree { my $root = shift ; if ($root) { print $root->{value}, "\n" ; &print_tree($root->{left}) ; &print_tree($root->{right}) ; } }
sub main { my $root = &create_tree() ; &print_tree($root) ; }
&main() ;
1
闲来无事,又写了一种方法:这应该是最好的方法了。
use strict ; use warnings ;
sub node { my ($left, $right, $value) = @_ ;
my $self = { 'left' => $left, 'right' => $right, 'value' => $value, } ;
return $self ; }
sub create_tree { my $n8 = &node(undef, undef, 8) ; my $n6 = &node(undef, $n8, 6) ;
my $n5 = &node(undef, undef, 5) ; my $n2 = &node($n5, $n6, 2) ;
my $n7 = &node(undef, undef, 7) ; my $n4 = &node($n7, undef, 4) ;
my $n1 = &node($n2, $n4, 1) ;
return $n1; }
sub print_tree { my $root = shift ; if ($root) { print $root->{value}, "\n" ; &print_tree($root->{left}) ; &print_tree($root->{right}) ; } }
sub main { my $root = &create_tree() ; &print_tree($root) ; }
&main() ;
1 ;
还有其他方法么?
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