在线时间:8:00-16:00
迪恩网络APP
随时随地掌握行业动态
扫描二维码
关注迪恩网络微信公众号
到底web服务器的极限是多少呢?100 r/s? 500 r/s?还是1000 r/s? 在StaticGenerator上看到,原来1000 r/s都不算什么. 真的是这样吗?如果是真的那就太恐怖了。 目前的web基本上都是动态的,为了提高性能,我们常常会使用各种各样的手段优化,例如减少IO,合理的字符串使用和操作,memcached等等。但是尽管全部优化都做足了,全动态的web点击率以是在1000 - 2000 r/s(4核4G标准的服务器配置)之间。 还能进一步优化吗?能,这就需要利用前面提到的,“静态文件”。我们知道,web服务器处理静态文件的请求是非常高效的,特别是nginx,它宣称“支持高达 50,000 个并发连接数的响应”。(呵呵,感觉有点像在为nginx卖广告。) 将动态内容静态化输出,有几个问题是必须解决的:
URL转换成静态文件路径如果web应用的url是友好的,是非常容易对应到静态文件的。例如: http://hostname/post/some-post-detailname/ 这样我们很容易想象到对应的静态文件路径是/post/some-post-detailname/index.html或者/post/some-post-detailname.html等等. 一个通用的方案:对url算md5后来确定静态文件的路径. 还是使用上面的url,它的path是/post/some-post-detailname/,算md5结果为:81982658fe1d78f51d228950babd1457,则可以取路径为/8/1/982658fe1d78f51d228950babd1457 在nginx中如果生成这样的路径呢?答案是使用内嵌perl,以下是我的一个例子:
perl_set $path_md5 '
use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex); use File::stat; sub { my $r = shift; my $s = md5_hex($r->uri); my $path_md5 = join "", join("/", substr($s, 0, 1), substr($s, 1, 1), substr($s, 2)), ".html"; my $filepath = "/data/www/".$path_md5; if(-f $filepath) { my $mtime = stat($filepath)->mtime; if(time() - $mtime > 1800) { return $path_md5.".new"; } } return $path_md5; }';
生成静态文件生成静态文件的时机,这个取决你的应用,像blog,新闻等内容为主的应用,可以在第一次请求的时候生成;又如一些web api类型的,可以在同一请求达到指定的次数时,才生产静态文件。 至于怎样生成静态文件?最简单的方式是将response的内容直接写到文件中,如果你是基于django的话,StaticGenerator可以帮你大忙了。 静态文件的失效时间,像上面生成静态文件路径的例子中,我设定的失效时间的30分钟。
完整的配置文件例子如下: 点击nginx.conf下载
user www www;
pid /home/test/nginx.pid; worker_processes 8; error_log /data/nginx/logs/error.log; events { worker_connections 2048; use epoll; } http { # default nginx location include /home/test/mime.types; default_type text/html; log_format main '$remote_addr $host $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $status $bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" $process $request_time $sent_http_x_type'; client_header_timeout 10s; # If after this time the client send nothing, nginx returns error "Request time out" (408). client_body_timeout 10s; send_timeout 10s; # if after this time client will take nothing, then nginx is shutting down the connection. connection_pool_size 256; client_header_buffer_size 1k; large_client_header_buffers 4 2k; request_pool_size 4k; output_buffers 4 32k; postpone_output 1460; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 20 10; tcp_nodelay on; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 256k; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; client_body_temp_path /data/nginx/logs/client_body_temp; proxy_temp_path /data/nginx/logs/proxy_temp; fastcgi_temp_path /data/nginx/logs/fastcgi_temp; gzip off; gzip_min_length 1100; gzip_buffers 4 32k; gzip_types text/plain text/html application/x-javascript text/xml text/css; ignore_invalid_headers on; perl_set $path_md5 ' use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex); use File::stat; sub { my $r = shift; my $s = md5_hex($r->uri); my $path_md5 = join "", join("/", substr($s, 0, 1), substr($s, 1, 1), substr($s, 2)), ".html"; my $filepath = "/data/www/".$path_md5; if(-f $filepath) { my $mtime = stat($filepath)->mtime; if(time() - $mtime > 1800) { return $path_md5.".new"; } } return $path_md5; }'; server { listen 80; server_name 127.0.0.1; index index.html; root /data/www; set $process "nginx"; # static resources #location ~* ^.+\.(html|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|txt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf|js)$ #{ # expires 30d; # break; #} location /site_media { root /home/test/web; access_log off; #expires 30d; rewrite ^/site_media/(.*) /media/$1 break; } location /nginx_status { # copied from http://blog.kovyrin.net/2006/04/29/monitoring-nginx-with-rrdtool/ stub_status on; access_log off; allow 127.0.0.1; allow 192.168.0.0/16; allow 219.131.196.66; deny all; break; } location /request_status { access_log off; allow 127.0.0.1; allow 192.168.0.0/16; deny all; rewrite ^/request_status/(.*) /rrd/$1 break; autoindex on; } location ~* ^/(webmd5|weburl|urlsafe|website|urlnotfound|reporturl|suggesturl|receive|leak|virus|site|admin|index)/ { #rewrite (.*) /$path_md5 redirect; try_files /$path_md5 @fastcgi; } location @fastcgi { set $process "fcgi"; fastcgi_pass unix:/home/test/gateway.sock; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_pass_header Authorization; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_FILENAME $path_md5; #fastcgi_param HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; fastcgi_intercept_errors off; break; } location /403.html { root /usr/local/nginx; access_log off; } location /401.html { root /usr/local/nginx; access_log off; } location /404.html { root /usr/local/nginx; access_log off; } location = /_.gif { empty_gif; access_log off; } access_log /data/nginx/logs/access.log main; } }
希望本文对你有用. ^_^
|
请发表评论