在线时间:8:00-16:00
迪恩网络APP
随时随地掌握行业动态
扫描二维码
关注迪恩网络微信公众号
DELPHI 多线程(API实现): 首先看下构造函数:(会自动销毁) function CreateThread( lpThreadAttributes: Pointer; {安全设置} {一般为Nil} dwStackSize: DWORD; {堆栈大小} {0为默认大小} lpStartAddress: TFNThreadStartRoutine; {入口函数} { 例:@MyFun} lpParameter: Pointer; {函数参数}{入口函数的参数}{@参数} dwCreationFlags: DWORD; {启动选项} {有两个值,0时立即执行入口函数,CREATE_SUSPENDED,挂起等待。可用 ResumeThread(句柄) 函数是恢复线程的运行; 可用 SuspendThread(句柄) 再次挂起线程.} var lpThreadId: DWORD {输出线程 ID } {输入你的接收句柄变量} ): THandle; stdcall; {返回线程句柄} 例子: 1 unit Unit1; 2 3 interface 4 5 uses 6 Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, 7 Dialogs, StdCtrls; 8 9 type 10 TForm1 = class(TForm) 11 btn1: TButton; 12 btn2: TButton; 13 procedure btn1Click(Sender: TObject); 14 procedure btn2Click(Sender: TObject); 15 private 16 { Private declarations } 17 public 18 { Public declarations } 19 end; 20 21 var 22 Form1: TForm1; 23 24 implementation 25 26 {$R *.dfm} 27 28 function MyFun(p:Pointer):integer;stdcall; {工作线程调入函数,stdcall用于多个线程排序以及系统级别调用加此关键字} 29 var 30 i:integer; 31 begin 32 for i := 0 to 500000 do 33 begin 34 with Form1.Canvas do 35 begin 36 Lock; 37 TextOut(50,10,IntToStr(i)); {50和10是坐标X和Y} 38 Unlock; 39 Application.ProcessMessages; 40 end; 41 end; 42 end; 43 44 procedure TForm1.btn1Click(Sender: TObject);{主线程} 45 var 46 i:integer; 47 begin 48 for i := 0 to 500000 do 49 begin 50 with Form1.Canvas do 51 begin 52 Lock; 53 TextOut(10,10,IntToStr(i)); {10和10是坐标X和Y} 54 Unlock; 55 Application.ProcessMessages;{加上去才在计数时不会卡住,拖动窗体时,计数会有停顿} 56 end; 57 end; 58 59 end; 60 61 procedure TForm1.btn2Click(Sender: TObject);{工作线程,拖动窗口时计数不会停顿,因为和主线程分开工作了} 62 var 63 ID:THandle; {用于接收线程返回句柄,也可以用DWORD} 64 begin 65 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); {API创建线程} 66 end; 67 68 end. CriticalSection(临界区): 1 unit Unit1; 2 3 interface 4 5 uses 6 Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, 7 Dialogs, StdCtrls; 8 9 type 10 TForm1 = class(TForm) 11 lst1: TListBox; 12 btn1: TButton; 13 procedure btn1Click(Sender: TObject); 14 procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); 15 private 16 { Private declarations } 17 public 18 { Public declarations } 19 end; 20 21 var 22 Form1: TForm1; 23 24 implementation 25 26 {$R *.dfm} 27 28 var 29 CS:TRTLCriticalSection; {声明临界} 30 31 function MyFun(p:Pointer):integer;stdcall; 32 var 33 i:integer; 34 begin 35 EnterCriticalSection(CS); {我要用了,别人先别用} 36 for i := 0 to 100 - 1 do 37 begin 38 Form1.lst1.Items.Add(IntToStr(i)); 39 end; 40 LeaveCriticalSection(CS); {我用完了,别可以用了} 41 42 end; 43 44 procedure TForm1.btn1Click(Sender: TObject); 45 var 46 ID:THandle; 47 begin 48 InitializeCriticalSection(CS); {初始化临界} 49 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 50 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 51 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 52 end; 53 54 procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); 55 begin 56 DeleteCriticalSection(CS); {删除临界} 57 end; 58 59 end. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 先说明等待函数(后面要配套使用): function WaitForSingleObject( WAIT_OBJECT_0 {等着了, 本例中是: 等的那个进程终于结束了} //WaitForSingleObject 的第二个参数一般给常数值 INFINITE, 表示一直等下去, 死等. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Mutex (互斥对象) 要理解的函数有: function CreateMutex( 1 unit Unit1; 2 3 interface 4 5 uses 6 Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, 7 Dialogs, StdCtrls; 8 9 type 10 TForm1 = class(TForm) 11 btn1: TButton; 12 procedure btn1Click(Sender: TObject); 13 procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); 14 private 15 { Private declarations } 16 public 17 { Public declarations } 18 end; 19 20 var 21 Form1: TForm1; 22 23 implementation 24 25 {$R *.dfm} 26 27 var 28 hMutex:THandle; {声明互斥变量句柄} 29 f:Integer; {用于协调输出位置的变量} 30 31 function MyFun(p:Pointer):Integer;stdcall; 32 var 33 i,y:integer; 34 begin 35 Inc(f); {步进f} 36 y:=20*f; 37 if WaitForSingleObject(hMutex,INFINITE)=WAIT_OBJECT_0 then {等待函数} 38 begin 39 for i := 0 to 500 do 40 begin 41 with Form1.Canvas do 42 begin 43 Lock; 44 TextOut(10,Y,IntToStr(i)); 45 Unlock; 46 sleep(1); {太快怕忙不过来} 47 end; 48 end; 49 ReleaseMutex(hMutex); 50 end; 51 end; 52 53 54 procedure TForm1.btn1Click(Sender: TObject); 55 var 56 ID:THandle; 57 begin 58 f:=0; {初始化f为0} 59 Repaint; {重画} 60 CloseHandle(hMutex); {先关闭句柄} 61 hMutex:=CreateMutex(nil,False,nil); {创建互斥体} 62 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 63 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 64 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 65 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 66 end; 67 68 procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); 69 begin 70 CloseHandle(hMutex); {关闭句柄} 71 end; 72 73 end. Semaphore(信号或叫信号量) 要理解的函数: CreateSemaphore(安全设置, 初始信号数, 信号总数, 信号名称) 建立信号对象; ReleaseSemaphore(接受信号量句柄,1[接收多少个信号] , nil[一般为空,如果是指针可以接受到此时共闲置了多少个信号量]); 1 unit Unit1; 2 3 interface 4 5 uses 6 Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, 7 Dialogs, StdCtrls; 8 9 type 10 TForm1 = class(TForm) 11 btn1: TButton; 12 edt1: TEdit; 13 procedure btn1Click(Sender: TObject); 14 procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); 15 procedure btn1KeyPress(Sender: TObject; var Key: Char); 16 private 17 { Private declarations } 18 public 19 { Public declarations } 20 end; 21 22 var 23 Form1: TForm1; 24 25 implementation 26 27 {$R *.dfm} 28 29 var 30 hsmaphore:THandle; {信号量句柄} 31 f:Integer; {协调输出的变量} 32 33 function MyFun(p:Pointer):integer; 34 var 35 i,y:integer; 36 begin 37 Inc(f); 38 y:=20*f; 39 if WaitForSingleObject(hsmaphore,INFINITE)=WAIT_OBJECT_0 then 40 begin 41 for i := 0 to 500 do 42 begin 43 with Form1,Canvas do 44 begin 45 Lock; 46 TextOut(10,y,IntToStr(i)); 47 Unlock; 48 Sleep(1); 49 end; 50 end; 51 ReleaseSemaphore(hsmaphore,1,nil); {释放函数} 52 end; 53 Result:=0; 54 end; 55 56 procedure TForm1.btn1Click(Sender: TObject); 57 var 58 ID:DWORD; 59 begin 60 CloseHandle(hsmaphore); {先关闭句柄} 61 hsmaphore:=CreateSemaphore(nil,StrToInt(edt1.Text),5,nil); {创建句柄} 62 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); {创建线程} 63 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 64 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 65 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 66 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); 67 end; 68 69 procedure TForm1.btn1KeyPress(Sender: TObject; var Key: Char); 70 begin 71 if not (Key in ['1'..'5']) then Key:=#0; {设置只能输入1到5,并且在控件属性设置宽度为1} 72 73 end; 74 75 procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); 76 begin 77 CloseHandle(hsmaphore); {关闭句柄} 78 end; 79 80 end. Event (事件对象) function CreateEvent( //第一个布尔为 False 时, 事件对象控制一次后将立即重置(暂停); 为 True 时可手动暂停. 1 unit Unit1; 2 3 interface 4 5 uses 6 Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, 7 Dialogs, StdCtrls; 8 9 type 10 TForm1 = class(TForm) 11 btn1: TButton; 12 btn2: TButton; 13 btn3: TButton; 14 btn4: TButton; 15 btn5: TButton; 16 procedure btn1Click(Sender: TObject); 17 procedure btn2Click(Sender: TObject); 18 procedure btn3Click(Sender: TObject); 19 procedure btn4Click(Sender: TObject); 20 procedure btn5Click(Sender: TObject); 21 procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject); 22 procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); 23 private 24 { Private declarations } 25 public 26 { Public declarations } 27 end; 28 29 var 30 Form1: TForm1; 31 32 implementation 33 34 {$R *.dfm} 35 36 var 37 hEvent:THandle; 38 f:integer; 39 40 function MyFun (p:Pointer):Integer; 41 var 42 i,y:integer; 43 begin 44 Inc(f); 45 y:=20*f; 46 for i := 0 to 200000 do 47 begin 48 if WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE)=WAIT_OBJECT_0 then 49 begin 50 Form1.Canvas.Lock; 51 Form1.Canvas.TextOut(10,y,IntToStr(i)); 52 Form1.Canvas.Unlock; 53 54 end; 55 end; 56 Result:=0; 57 end; 58 59 procedure TForm1.btn1Click(Sender: TObject); 60 var 61 ID:DWORD; 62 begin 63 Repaint; {重画} 64 f:=0; 65 CloseHandle(hEvent);{先关闭线程} 66 hEvent:=CreateEvent(nil,True,True,nil) {创建事件} 67 end; 68 69 procedure TForm1.btn2Click(Sender: TObject); 70 var 71 ID:DWORD; 72 begin 73 CreateThread(nil,0,@MyFun,nil,0,ID); {创建线程} 74 75 end; 76 77 procedure TForm1.btn3Click(Sender: TObject); 78 begin 79 ResetEvent(hEvent); {暂停,可对当前所有事件相关线程暂停} 80 end; 81 82 procedure TForm1.btn4Click(Sender: TObject); 83 begin 84 SetEvent(hEvent); {启动,可对当前所有事件相关线程启动} 85 end; 86 87 procedure TForm1.btn5Click(Sender: TObject); 88 begin 89 PulseEvent(hEvent); {启动一次再暂停,可对当前所有事件相关线程} 90 end; 91 92 procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject); 93 begin 94 btn1.Caption := '创建 Event 对象'; 95 btn2.Caption := '创建线程'; 96 btn3.Caption := 'ResetEvent'; 97 btn4.Caption := 'SetEvent'; 98 btn5.Caption := 'PulseEvent'; 99 end; 100 101 procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); 102 begin 103 CloseHandle(hEvent); {关闭事件句柄} 104 end; 105 106 end. 等待记时器对象:WaitableTimer{比较复杂,可不记,需要使用时查阅} {它的主要功用类似 TTimer 类,既然有了方便的 TTimer, 何必再使用 WaitableTimer 呢? 需要了解的函数: function CreateWaitableTimer( function SetWaitableTimer(
例1:指定多少秒后运行(相对时间): 1 unit Unit1; 2 3 interface 4 5 uses 6 Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, 7 Dialogs, StdCtrls; 8 9 type 10 TForm1 = class(TForm) 11 btn1: TButton; 12 procedure btn1Click(Sender: TObject); 13 procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject); 14 private 15 全部评论
专题导读
热门推荐
热门话题
阅读排行榜
|
请发表评论