文档中没有找到luaL_findtable()函数的说明，这里尝试补充。 

1 LUALIB_API const char *luaL_findtable (lua_State *L, int idx,
2                                        const char *fname, int szhint);

@brief

luaL_findtable()在由参数idx标识的target-table中查找名字为fname的table。 fname支持"tableA.tableB.tableC"这种

级联的方式来命名要查找的table，其中在target-table中以"tableA"为key的field的值需要是table类型，否则会返回"tableA"。

@parameters

L: lua_State

idx: target-table在lua_State对象L中的位置

fname: 在target-table中所要查找的table的名字。支持"GrandfatherTableName.ParentTableName.TableName"这种形式。

szhint: 如果查找的table不存在，则会新创建fname对应的table，szhint是创建新table时non-array elements的提示值。参见"lua_createtable()"。

@return

成功：返回NULL; L中的top位置(即: -1的位置)会保留找到的table。

异常：返回fname中有问题的部分; L 会被复原为调用luaL_findtable()前的状态。 

luaL_findtable()代码如下:

 1 LUALIB_API const char *luaL_findtable (lua_State *L, int idx,
 2                                        const char *fname, int szhint) {
 3   const char *e;
 4   lua_pushvalue(L, idx); // lua_pushvalue(): Pushes a copy of the element at the given valid index onto the stack. // A
 5   do {
 6     e = strchr(fname, '.');
 7     if (e == NULL) e = fname + strlen(fname);
 8     lua_pushlstring(L, fname, e - fname); // lua_pushlstring(): Pushes the string pointed to by s with size len onto the stack. // B
 9     lua_rawget(L, -2);　　　　// lua_rawget(): Similar to lua_gettable, but does a raw access  // C
10     if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) {  /* no such field? */
11       lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove this nil */
12       lua_createtable(L, 0, (*e == '.' ? 1 : szhint)); /* new table for field */　　　// D
13       lua_pushlstring(L, fname, e - fname);
14       lua_pushvalue(L, -2);
15       lua_settable(L, -4);  /* set new table into field */　　　　　　　// E
16     }
17     else if (!lua_istable(L, -1)) {  /* field has a non-table value? */
18       lua_pop(L, 2);  /* remove table and value */
19       return fname;  /* return problematic part of the name */
20     }
21     lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove previous table */　　　　// F
22     fname = e + 1;
23   } while (*e == '.');
24   return NULL;
25 }

lua_gettable()

1 void lua_gettable (lua_State *L, int index);

"Pushes onto the stack the value t[k], where t is the value at the given valid index and k is the value at the top of the stack.

This function pops the key from the stack (putting the resulting value in its place). As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod for the "index" event " Ref[1]

lua_createtable()

1 void lua_createtable (lua_State *L, int narr, int nrec);

"Creates a new empty table and pushes it onto the stack. The new table has space pre-allocated for narr array elements and nrec non-array elements." Ref[1]

lua_settable()

1 void lua_settable (lua_State *L, int index);

"Does the equivalent to t[k] = v, where t is the value at the given valid index, v is the value at the top of the stack, and k is the value just below the top.

This function pops both the key and the value from the stack. As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod for the "newindex" event" Ref[1] 

lua_remove()

1 void lua_remove (lua_State *L, int index);

"Removes the element at the given valid index, shifting down the elements above this index to fill the gap. Cannot be called with a pseudo-index, because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position." Ref[1] 

Reference 

1. http://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/manual.html