openresty(nginx)、lua、drizzle调研

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一、概述：

1.研究目标：nginx中使用lua脚本，及nginx直接访问mysql,redis

2.需要安装的内容：

openresty,mysql,redis

3.OpenResty （也称为 ngx_openresty）是一个全功能的 Web 应用服务器。它打包了标准的 Nginx 核心，很多的常用的第三方模块，以及它们的大多数依赖项。http://openresty.org/cn/index.html

二、安装说明

0.环境准备

$yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ readline-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel tcl perl

1、安装drizzle http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpDrizzleModule

cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://openresty.org/download/drizzle7-2011.07.21.tar.gz
tar xzvf drizzle7-2011.07.21.tar.gz
cd drizzle7-2011.07.21/
./configure --without-server
make libdrizzle-1.0
make install-libdrizzle-1.0
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

2、安装openresty
wget http://openresty.org/download/ngx_openresty-1.7.2.1.tar.gz
tar xzvf ngx_openresty-1.7.2.1.tar.gz
cd ngx_openresty-1.7.2.1/
./configure --with-http_drizzle_module
gmake
gmake install

三、nginx配置nginx.conf

/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# 添加MySQL配置(drizzle)
upstream backend {
drizzle_server 127.0.0.1:3306 dbname=test user=root password=123456 protocol=mysql;
drizzle_keepalive max=200 overflow=ignore mode=single;
}

server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;

#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

    location / {
        root   html;
        index index.html index.htm;
    }

    location /lua {
        default_type text/plain;
        content_by_lua 'ngx.say("hello, lua")';
    }

    location /lua_redis {
        default_type text/plain;
        content_by_lua_file /usr/local/lua_test/redis_test.lua;
    }

    location /lua_mysql {
            default_type text/plain;
            content_by_lua_file /usr/local/lua_test/mysql_test.lua;
    }

    location @cats-by-name {
        set_unescape_uri $name $arg_name;
        set_quote_sql_str $name;
        drizzle_query 'select * from cats where name=$name';
        drizzle_pass backend;
        rds_json on;
    }

    location @cats-by-id {
        set_quote_sql_str $id $arg_id;
        drizzle_query 'select * from cats where id=$id';
        drizzle_pass backend;
        rds_json on;
    }

    location = /cats {
        access_by_lua '
            if ngx.var.arg_name then
                return ngx.exec("@cats-by-name")
            end

            if ngx.var.arg_id then
                return ngx.exec("@cats-by-id")
            end
        ';

rds_json_ret 400 "expecting \"name\" or \"id\" query arguments";
}

    # 通过url匹配出name，并编码防止注入，最后以json格式输出结果
    location ~ '^/mysql/(.*)' {
        set $name $1;
        set_quote_sql_str $quote_name $name;
        set $sql "SELECT * FROM cats WHERE name=$quote_name";
        drizzle_query $sql;
        drizzle_pass backend;
        rds_json on;
    }

    # 查看MySQL服务状态
    location /mysql-status {
        drizzle_status;
    }
}

四、lua测试脚本

/usr/local/lua_test/redis_test.lua

local redis = require "resty.redis"
local cache = redis.new()
cache.connect(cache, '127.0.0.1', '6379')
local res = cache:get("foo")
if res==ngx.null then
    ngx.say("This is Null")
    return
end
ngx.say(res)

/usr/local/lua_test/mysql_test.lua

local mysql = require "resty.mysql"
local db, err = mysql:new()
if not db then
    ngx.say("failed to instantiate mysql: ", err)
    return
end

db:set_timeout(1000) -- 1 sec

-- or connect to a unix domain socket file listened
-- by a mysql server:
--     local ok, err, errno, sqlstate =
--           db:connect{
--              path = "/path/to/mysql.sock",
--              database = "ngx_test",
--              user = "ngx_test",
--              password = "ngx_test" }

local ok, err, errno, sqlstate = db:connect{
    host = "127.0.0.1",
    port = 3306,
    database = "test",
    user = "root",
    password = "123456",
    max_packet_size = 1024 * 1024 }

if not ok then
    ngx.say("failed to connect: ", err, ": ", errno, " ", sqlstate)
    return
end

ngx.say("connected to mysql.")

local res, err, errno, sqlstate =
    db:query("drop table if exists cats")
if not res then
    ngx.say("bad result: ", err, ": ", errno, ": ", sqlstate, ".")
    return
end

res, err, errno, sqlstate =
    db:query("create table cats "
             .. "(id serial primary key, "
             .. "name varchar(5))")
if not res then
    ngx.say("bad result: ", err, ": ", errno, ": ", sqlstate, ".")
    return
end

ngx.say("table cats created.")

res, err, errno, sqlstate =
    db:query("insert into cats (name) "
             .. "values (\'Bob\'),(\'\'),(null)")
if not res then
    ngx.say("bad result: ", err, ": ", errno, ": ", sqlstate, ".")
    return
end

ngx.say(res.affected_rows, " rows inserted into table cats ",
        "(last insert id: ", res.insert_id, ")")

-- run a select query, expected about 10 rows in
-- the result set:
res, err, errno, sqlstate =
    db:query("select * from cats order by id asc", 10)
if not res then
    ngx.say("bad result: ", err, ": ", errno, ": ", sqlstate, ".")
    return
end

local cjson = require "cjson"
ngx.say("result: ", cjson.encode(res))

-- put it into the connection pool of size 100,
-- with 10 seconds max idle timeout
local ok, err = db:set_keepalive(10000, 100)
if not ok then
    ngx.say("failed to set keepalive: ", err)
    return
end

-- or just close the connection right away:
-- local ok, err = db:close()
-- if not ok then
--     ngx.say("failed to close: ", err)
--     return
-- end
';

五、验证结果

curl测试

$ curl 'http://127.0.0.1/lua_test'
hello, lua

$ redis-cli set foo 'hello,lua-redis'
OK
$ curl 'http://127.0.0.1/lua_redis'
hello,lua-redis

$ curl 'http://127.0.0.1/lua_mysql'
connected to mysql.
table cats created.
3 rows inserted into table cats (last insert id: 1)
result: [{"name":"Bob","id":"1"},{"name":"","id":"2"},{"name":null,"id":"3"}]

$ curl 'http://127.0.0.1/cats'
{"errcode":400,"errstr":"expecting \"name\" or \"id\" query arguments"}

$ curl 'http://127.0.0.1/cats?name=bob'
[{"id":1,"name":"Bob"}]

$ curl 'http://127.0.0.1/cats?id=2'
[{"id":2,"name":""}]

$ curl 'http://127.0.0.1/mysql/bob'
[{"id":1,"name":"Bob"}]

$ curl 'http://127.0.0.1/mysql-status'
worker process: 32261

upstream backend
active connections: 0
connection pool capacity: 0
servers: 1
peers: 1

六、参考资料

1.openresty http://openresty.org/cn/index.html

2.tengine http://tengine.taobao.org/documentation_cn.html

如何安装nginx_lua_module模块
http://www.cnblogs.com/yjf512/archive/2012/03/27/2419577.html

nginx+lua 项目使用记（二）
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-26443921-id-3213879.html

nginx_lua模块基于mysql数据库动态修改网页内容
https://www.centos.bz/2012/09/nginx-lua-mysql-dynamic-modify-content/