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ZooKeeper有一个绑定Java和C的官方API。Zookeeper社区为大多数语言(.NET,python等)提供非官方API。使用ZooKeeper API,应用程序可以连接,交互,操作数据,协调,最后断开与ZooKeeper集合的连接。 ZooKeeper API具有丰富的功能,以简单和安全的方式获得ZooKeeper集合的所有功能。ZooKeeper API提供同步和异步方法。 ZooKeeper集合和ZooKeeper API在各个方面都完全相辅相成,对开发人员有很大的帮助。让我们在本章讨论Java绑定。 ZooKeeper API的基础知识与ZooKeeper集合进行交互的应用程序称为 ZooKeeper客户端或简称客户端。 Znode是ZooKeeper集合的核心组件,ZooKeeper API提供了一小组方法使用ZooKeeper集合来操纵znode的所有细节。 客户端应该遵循以步骤,与ZooKeeper集合进行清晰和干净的交互。
Java绑定让我们来了解本章中最重要的一组ZooKeeper API。ZooKeeper API的核心部分是ZooKeeper类。它提供了在其构造函数中连接ZooKeeper集合的选项,并具有以下方法:
连接到ZooKeeper集合ZooKeeper类通过其构造函数提供connect功能。构造函数的签名如下 : ZooKeeper(String connectionString, int sessionTimeout, Watcher watcher)
让我们创建一个新的帮助类 ZooKeeperConnection ,并添加一个方法 connect 。 connect 方法创建一个ZooKeeper对象,连接到ZooKeeper集合,然后返回对象。 这里 CountDownLatch 用于停止(等待)主进程,直到客户端与ZooKeeper集合连接。 ZooKeeper集合通过监视器回调来回复连接状态。一旦客户端与ZooKeeper集合连接,监视器回调就会被调用,并且监视器回调函数调用CountDownLatch的countDown方法来释放锁,在主进程中await。 以下是与ZooKeeper集合连接的完整代码。 编码:ZooKeeperConnection.java// import java classes import java.io.IOException; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; // import zookeeper classes import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; import org.apache.zookeeper.AsyncCallback.StatCallback; import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException.Code; import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat; public class ZooKeeperConnection { // declare zookeeper instance to access ZooKeeper ensemble private ZooKeeper zoo; final CountDownLatch connectedSignal = new CountDownLatch(1); // Method to connect zookeeper ensemble. public ZooKeeper connect(String host) throws IOException,InterruptedException { zoo = new ZooKeeper(host,5000,new Watcher() { public void process(WatchedEvent we) { if (we.getState() == KeeperState.SyncConnected) { connectedSignal.countDown(); } } }); connectedSignal.await(); return zoo; } // Method to disconnect from zookeeper server public void close() throws InterruptedException { zoo.close(); } } 保存上面的代码,它将在下一节中用于连接ZooKeeper集合。 创建ZnodeZooKeeper类提供了在ZooKeeper集合中创建一个新的znode的create方法。 create 方法的签名如下: create(String path, byte[] data, List<ACL> acl, CreateMode createMode)
让我们创建一个新的Java应用程序来检查ZooKeeper API的 create 功能。创建文件 ZKCreate.java 。在main方法中,创建一个类型为 ZooKeeperConnection 的对象,并调用 connect 方法连接到ZooKeeper集合。 connect方法将返回ZooKeeper对象 zk 。现在,请使用自定义path和data调用 zk 对象的 create 方法。 创建znode的完整程序代码如下: 编码:ZKCreate.javaimport java.io.IOException; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException; import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs; public class ZKCreate { // create static instance for zookeeper class. private static ZooKeeper zk; // create static instance for ZooKeeperConnection class. private static ZooKeeperConnection conn; // Method to create znode in zookeeper ensemble public static void create(String path, byte[] data) throws KeeperException,InterruptedException { zk.create(path, data, ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT); } public static void main(String[] args) { // znode path String path = "/MyFirstZnode"; // Assign path to znode // data in byte array byte[] data = "My first zookeeper app".getBytes(); // Declare data try { conn = new ZooKeeperConnection(); zk = conn.connect("localhost"); create(path, data); // Create the data to the specified path conn.close(); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); //Catch error message } } } 一旦编译和执行应用程序,将在ZooKeeper集合中创建具有指定数据的znode。你可以使用ZooKeeper CLI zkCli.sh 进行检查。 cd /path/to/zookeeper bin/zkCli.sh >>> get /MyFirstZnode Exists - 检查Znode的存在ZooKeeper类提供了 exists 方法来检查znode的存在。如果指定的znode存在,则返回一个znode的元数据。exists方法的签名如下: exists(String path, boolean watcher)
让我们创建一个新的Java应用程序来检查ZooKeeper API的“exists”功能。创建文件“ZKExists.java”。在main方法中,使用“ZooKeeperConnection”对象创建ZooKeeper对象“zk”。然后,使用自定义“path”调用“zk”对象的“exists”方法。完整的列表如下: 编码:ZKExists.javaimport java.io.IOException; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState; import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat; public class ZKExists { private static ZooKeeper zk; private static ZooKeeperConnection conn; // Method to check existence of znode and its status, if znode is available. public static Stat znode_exists(String path) throws KeeperException,InterruptedException { return zk.exists(path, true); } public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,KeeperException { String path = "/MyFirstZnode"; // Assign znode to the specified path try { conn = new ZooKeeperConnection(); zk = conn.connect("localhost"); Stat stat = znode_exists(path); // Stat checks the path of the znode if(stat != null) { System.out.println("Node exists and the node version is " + stat.getVersion()); } else { System.out.println("Node does not exists"); } } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); // Catches error messages } } } 一旦编译和执行应用程序,你将获得以下输出。 Node exists and the node version is 1. getData方法ZooKeeper类提供 getData 方法来获取附加在指定znode中的数据及其状态。 getData 方法的签名如下: getData(String path, Watcher watcher, Stat stat)
让我们创建一个新的Java应用程序来了解ZooKeeper API的 getData 功能。创建文件 ZKGetData.java 。在main方法中,使用 ZooKeeperConnection 对象创建一个ZooKeeper对象 zk 。然后,使用自定义路径调用zk对象的 getData 方法。 下面是从指定节点获取数据的完整程序代码: 编码:ZKGetData.javaimport java.io.IOException; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState; import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat; public class ZKGetData { private static ZooKeeper zk; private static ZooKeeperConnection conn; public static Stat znode_exists(String path) throws KeeperException,InterruptedException { return zk.exists(path,true); } public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, KeeperException { String path = "/MyFirstZnode"; final CountDownLatch connectedSignal = new CountDownLatch(1); try { conn = new ZooKeeperConnection(); zk = conn.connect("localhost"); Stat stat = znode_exists(path); if(stat != null) { byte[] b = zk.getData(path, new Watcher() { public void process(WatchedEvent we) { if (we.getType() == Event.EventType.None) { switch(we.getState()) { case Expired: connectedSignal.countDown(); break; } } else { String path = "/MyFirstZnode"; try { byte[] bn = zk.getData(path, false, null); String data = new String(bn, "UTF-8"); System.out.println(data); connectedSignal.countDown(); } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println(ex.getMessage()); } } } }, null); String data = new String(b, "UTF-8"); System.out.println(data); connectedSignal.await(); } else { System.out.println("Node does not exists"); } } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } } 一旦编译和执行应用程序,你将获得以下输出 My first zookeeper app 应用程序将等待ZooKeeper集合的进一步通知。使用ZooKeeper CLI zkCli.sh 更改指定znode的数据。 cd /path/to/zookeeper bin/zkCli.sh >>> set /MyFirstZnode Hello 现在,应用程序将打印以下输出并退出。 Hello setData方法ZooKeeper类提供 setData 方法来修改指定znode中附加的数据。 setData 方法的签名如下: setData(String path, byte[] data, int version)
现在让我们创建一个新的Java应用程序来了解ZooKeeper API的 setData 功能。创建文件 ZKSetData.java 。在main方法中,使用 ZooKeeperConnection 对象创建一个ZooKeeper对象 zk 。然后,使用指定的路径,新数据和节点版本调用 zk 对象的 setData 方法。 以下是修改附加在指定znode中的数据的完整程序代码。 编码:ZKSetData.javaimport org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState; import java.io.IOException; public class ZKSetData { private static ZooKeeper zk; private static ZooKeeperConnection conn; // Method to update the data in a znode. Similar to getData but without watcher. public static void update(String path, byte[] data) throws KeeperException,InterruptedException { zk.setData(path, data, zk.exists(path,true).getVersion()); } public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,KeeperException { String path= "/MyFirstZnode"; byte[] data = "Success".getBytes(); //Assign data which is to be updated. try { conn = new ZooKeeperConnection(); zk = conn.connect("localhost"); update(path, data); // Update znode data to the specified path } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } } 编译并执行应用程序后,指定的znode的数据将被改变,并且可以使用ZooKeeper CLI zkCli.sh 进行检查。 cd /path/to/zookeeper bin/zkCli.sh >>> get /MyFirstZnode getChildren方法ZooKeeper类提供 getChildren 方法来获取特定znode的所有子节点。 getChildren 方法的签名如下: getChildren(String path, Watcher watcher)
编码:ZKGetChildren.javaimport java.io.IOException; import java.util.*; import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException; import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher; import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.KeeperState; import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat; public class ZKGetChildren { private static ZooKeeper zk; private static ZooKeeperConnection conn; // Method to check existence of znode and its status, if znode is available. public static Stat znode_exists(String path) throws KeeperException,InterruptedException { return zk.exists(path,true); } public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,KeeperException { String path = "/MyFirstZnode"; // Assign path to the znode try { conn = new ZooKeeperConnection(); zk = conn.connect("localhost"); Stat stat = znode_exists(path); // Stat checks the path if(stat!= null) { //“getChildren" method- get all the children of znode.It has two args, path and watch List <String> children = zk.getChildren(path, false); for(int i = 0; i < children.size(); i++) System.out.println(children.get(i)); //Print children's } else { System.out.println("Node does not exists"); } } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } } 在运行程序之前,让我们使用ZooKeeper CLI zkCli.sh 为 /MyFirstZnode 创建两个子节点。 cd /path/to/zookeeper bin/zkCli.sh >>> create /MyFirstZnode/myfirstsubnode Hi >>> create /MyFirstZnode/mysecondsubmode Hi 现在,编译和运行程序将输出上面创建的znode。 myfirstsubnode mysecondsubnode 删除ZnodeZooKeeper类提供了 delete 方法来删除指定的znode。 delete 方法的签名如下: delete(String path, int version)
让我们创建一个新的Java应用程序来了解ZooKeeper API的 delete 功能。创建文件 ZKDelete.java 。在main方法中,使用 ZooKeeperConnection 对象创建一个ZooKeeper对象 zk 。然后,使用指定的路径和版本号调用 zk 对象的 delete 方法。 删除znode的完整程序代码如下: 编码:ZKDelete.javaimport org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper; import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException; public class ZKDelete { private static ZooKeeper zk; private static ZooKeeperConnection conn; // Method to check existence of znode and its status, if znode is available. public static void delete(String path) throws KeeperException,InterruptedException { zk.delete(path,zk.exists(path,true).getVersion()); } public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,KeeperException { String path = "/MyFirstZnode"; //Assign path to the znode try { conn = new ZooKeeperConnection(); zk = conn.connect("localhost"); delete(path); //delete the node with the specified path } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); // catches error messages } } } |
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