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标题: ios - 以编程方式使用自动布局实现带有 subview 的 uiview 子类 [打印本页]

作者: 菜鸟教程小白    时间: 2022-12-12 15:21
标题: ios - 以编程方式使用自动布局实现带有 subview 的 uiview 子类

我的需求很笼统,我必须实现一个 UIView 子类,它将一个 UIImageView 分组,在屏幕上以 x 为中心,距离顶部 20 点,以及一个带有描述的 UILabel。
使用界面生成器我没有问题,但由于我需要以编程方式制作它,所以我关注技术和最佳实践。 到目前为止,我想出了这段代码,开始只可视化图像。尽管它非常基本,但我无法理解为什么 View 没有派生(如您从屏幕截图中看到的那样)正确的框架,该框架应该在 ImageView 的所有边缘上“偏移”20 个点。

这是我的子类:

标题

@interface ProgrammaticAutolayoutView : UIView

@property (nonatomic, strong) UIImageView *imageView;

@end

实现

#import "rogrammaticAutolayoutView.h"

@implementation ProgrammaticAutolayoutView{

    BOOL _didUpdateConstraints;
}

- (instancetype)init
{
    return [self initWithFrame:CGRectZero];;
}

- (instancetype)initWithFrameCGRect)frame
{
    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
    if (self) {

        _didUpdateConstraints = NO;

        _imageView = [UIImageView new];
        [_imageView setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints: NO];

        [self addSubview: _imageView];
    }
    return self;
}

- (void) updateConstraints{

    if(!_didUpdateConstraints){
        [self setupConstraints];
    }

    [super updateConstraints];
}

- (void) setupConstraints{

    [self.imageView addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeWidth relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:nil attribute:NSLayoutAttributeNotAnAttribute multiplier:1.0 constant:50]];

    [self.imageView addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeHeight relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:nil attribute:NSLayoutAttributeNotAnAttribute multiplier:1.0 constant:50]];

    [self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTop relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTop multiplier:1.0 constant:20.0]];

    [self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeBottom relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeBottom multiplier:1.0 constant:20.0]];

    [self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeading relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeading multiplier:1.0 constant:20.0]];

    [self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTrailing relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTrailing multiplier:1.0 constant:20.0]];

    _didUpdateConstraints = YES;
}

@end

这是我用来实例化和绘制这个 uiview 子类的代码片段:

    - (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];

    ProgrammaticAutolayoutView *test = [[ProgrammaticAutolayoutView alloc] init];
    [test setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints:NO];
    test.imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed"dmy"];
    test.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];

    [self.view addSubview: test];

    [self.view addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: test attribute:NSLayoutAttributeCenterX relatedBy: NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self.view attribute:NSLayoutAttributeCenterX multiplier:1.0 constant:0]];

    [self.view addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: test attribute:NSLayoutAttributeCenterY relatedBy: NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self.view attribute:NSLayoutAttributeCenterY multiplier:1.0 constant:0]];

    [test setNeedsLayout];
    [test layoutIfNeeded];
}

我期待看到 subview 与 uiimageview 的所有边缘偏移 20 点,但结果完全不同,我没有任何调试器日志或不一致之处,显然我必须遗漏一些非常基本的东西,但所以到目前为止我不明白什么。

wrong offset on image view



Best Answer-推荐答案


常量描述 X 和 Y 偏移量。你的 4 个约束说:

这就是你的照片所显示的。

要使红色框框成为图像,您可以将两个常量设为负数:

[self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTop relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTop multiplier:1.0 constant:20.0]];

[self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeBottom relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeBottom multiplier:1.0 constant:-20.0]];

[self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeading relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeading multiplier:1.0 constant:20.0]];

[self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTrailing relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTrailing multiplier:1.0 constant:-20.0]];

切换底部和尾部约束中项目的顺序:

[self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTop relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTop multiplier:1.0 constant:20.0]];

[self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeBottom relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeBottom multiplier:1.0 constant:20.0]];

[self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeading relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeLeading multiplier:1.0 constant:20.0]];

[self addConstraint:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem: self attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTrailing relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationEqual toItem:self.imageView attribute:NSLayoutAttributeTrailing multiplier:1.0 constant:20.0]];

新的建议约束说:

关于ios - 以编程方式使用自动布局实现带有 subview 的 uiview 子类,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30437029/






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