javascript - jQuery Deferred's, $.when() and the fail() callback arguments

Question

I'm getting an unexpected result when using $.when() when one of the deferred operations does not succeed.

Take this JavaScript, which created 2 deferreds. The first one succeeds and the second one fails.

var f1 = function() {
    return $.Deferred(function(dfd) {
        dfd.resolve('123 from f1');
    }).promise();
};

var f2 = function() {
    return $.Deferred(function(dfd) {
        dfd.reject('456 from f2');
    }).promise();
};

$.when(f1(), f2())
    .then(function(f1Val, f2Val) {
        alert('success! f1, f2: ' + JSON.stringify([f1Val, f2Val]));
    })
    .fail(function(f1Val, f2Val) {
        alert('fail!    f1, f2: ' + JSON.stringify([f1Val, f2Val]));
    });

Run it yourself: http://jsfiddle.net/r2d3j/2/

I get fail! f1, f2: ["456 from f2", null]

The problem is that in the .fail() callback the value passed with the f2() rejection, is being routed to the first argument, where i expect the f1Value. Which means that I don't really have a way of know which deferred object actually posted that reject(), and I also dont know which operation that failure data actually belongs to.

I would have expected that .fail() would get arguments null, '456 from f2' since the first deferred did not fail. Or am I just not doing deferreds right way here?

How do I know which deferreds failed, and which rejection arguments belong to which failed deferred if the argument order in the callback is not respected?

Answer 1

$.when() will execute the failed callback (2nd parameter passed to then()) immediately if any one of the parameters fails. It's by design. To quote the documentation:

http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.when/

In the multiple-Deferreds case where one of the Deferreds is rejected, jQuery.when immediately fires the failCallbacks for its master Deferred. Note that some of the Deferreds may still be unresolved at that point. If you need to perform additional processing for this case, such as canceling any unfinished ajax requests, you can keep references to the underlying jqXHR objects in a closure and inspect/cancel them in the failCallback.

There's actually no built-in way of getting a callback that waits untils all of them are finished regardless of their success/failure status.

So, I built a $.whenAll() for you :)
It always waits until all of them resolve, one way or the other:

http://jsfiddle.net/InfinitiesLoop/yQsYK/51/

$.whenAll(a, b, c)
    .then( callbackUponAllResolvedOrRejected );