//引入命名空间
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      List<Task> tasks = new List<Task>();
      Random rnd = new Random();
      long total = 0;
      int n = 0;
      
      for (int taskCtr = 0; taskCtr < 10; taskCtr++)
         tasks.Add(Task.Run( () => {  int[] values = new int[10000];
                                      int taskTotal = 0;
                                      int taskN = 0;
                                      int ctr = 0;
                                      Monitor.Enter(rnd);
                                         // Generate 10,000 random integers
                                         for (ctr = 0; ctr < 10000; ctr++)
                                            values[ctr] = rnd.Next(0, 1001);
                                      Monitor.Exit(rnd);
                                      taskN = ctr;
                                      foreach (var value in values)
                                         taskTotal += value;

                                      Console.WriteLine("Mean for task {0,2}: {1:N2} (N={2:N0})",
                                                        Task.CurrentId, (taskTotal * 1.0)/taskN,
                                                        taskN);
                                      Interlocked.Add(ref n, taskN);
                                      Interlocked.Add(ref total, taskTotal);
                                    } ));
      try {
         Task.WaitAll(tasks.ToArray());
         Console.WriteLine("\nMean for all tasks: {0:N2} (N={1:N0})",
                           (total * 1.0)/n, n);
      }
      catch (AggregateException e) {
         foreach (var ie in e.InnerExceptions)
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", ie.GetType().Name, ie.Message);
      }
   }
}

//引入命名空间
using System;
using System.Threading;

internal class SyncResource
{
    // Use a monitor to enforce synchronization.
    public void Access()
    {
        lock(this) {
            Console.WriteLine("Starting synchronized resource access on thread #{0}",
                              Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
            if (Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId % 2 == 0)
                Thread.Sleep(2000);

            Thread.Sleep(200);
            Console.WriteLine("Stopping synchronized resource access on thread #{0}",
                              Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
        }
    }
}

internal class UnSyncResource
{
    // Do not enforce synchronization.
    public void Access()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Starting unsynchronized resource access on Thread #{0}",
                          Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
        if (Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId % 2 == 0)
            Thread.Sleep(2000);

        Thread.Sleep(200);
        Console.WriteLine("Stopping unsynchronized resource access on thread #{0}",
                          Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
    }
}

public class App
{
    private static int numOps;
    private static AutoResetEvent opsAreDone = new AutoResetEvent(false);
    private static SyncResource SyncRes = new SyncResource();
    private static UnSyncResource UnSyncRes = new UnSyncResource();

   public static void Main()
   {
        // Set the number of synchronized calls.
        numOps = 5;
        for (int ctr = 0; ctr <= 4; ctr++)
            ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(SyncUpdateResource));

        // Wait until this WaitHandle is signaled.
        opsAreDone.WaitOne();
        Console.WriteLine("\t\nAll synchronized operations have completed.\n");

        // Reset the count for unsynchronized calls.
        numOps = 5;
        for (int ctr = 0; ctr <= 4; ctr++)
            ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(UnSyncUpdateResource));

        // Wait until this WaitHandle is signaled.
        opsAreDone.WaitOne();
        Console.WriteLine("\t\nAll unsynchronized thread operations have completed.\n");
   }

    static void SyncUpdateResource(Object state)
    {
        // Call the internal synchronized method.
        SyncRes.Access();

        // Ensure that only one thread can decrement the counter at a time.
        if (Interlocked.Decrement(ref numOps) == 0)
            // Announce to Main that in fact all thread calls are done.
            opsAreDone.Set();
    }

    static void UnSyncUpdateResource(Object state)
    {
        // Call the unsynchronized method.
        UnSyncRes.Access();

        // Ensure that only one thread can decrement the counter at a time.
        if (Interlocked.Decrement(ref numOps) == 0)
            // Announce to Main that in fact all thread calls are done.
            opsAreDone.Set();
    }
}

//引入命名空间
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {

      int nTasks = 0;
      List<Task> tasks = new List<Task>();
      
      try {
         for (int ctr = 0; ctr < 10; ctr++)
            tasks.Add(Task.Run( () => { // Instead of doing some work, just sleep.
                                        Thread.Sleep(250);
                                        // Increment the number of tasks.
                                        Monitor.Enter(nTasks);
                                        try {
                                           nTasks += 1;
                                        }
                                        finally {
                                           Monitor.Exit(nTasks);
                                        }
                                      } ));
         Task.WaitAll(tasks.ToArray());
         Console.WriteLine("{0} tasks started and executed.", nTasks);
      }
      catch (AggregateException e) {
         String msg = String.Empty;
         foreach (var ie in e.InnerExceptions) {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}", ie.GetType().Name);
            if (! msg.Contains(ie.Message))
               msg += ie.Message + Environment.NewLine;
         }
         Console.WriteLine("\nException Message(s):");
         Console.WriteLine(msg);
      }
   }
}

//引入命名空间
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {

      int nTasks = 0;
      object o = nTasks;
      List<Task> tasks = new List<Task>();
      
      try {
         for (int ctr = 0; ctr < 10; ctr++)
            tasks.Add(Task.Run( () => { // Instead of doing some work, just sleep.
                                        Thread.Sleep(250);
                                        // Increment the number of tasks.
                                        Monitor.Enter(o);
                                        try {
                                           nTasks++;
                                        }
                                        finally {
                                           Monitor.Exit(o);
                                        }
                                      } ));
         Task.WaitAll(tasks.ToArray());
         Console.WriteLine("{0} tasks started and executed.", nTasks);
      }
      catch (AggregateException e) {
         String msg = String.Empty;
         foreach (var ie in e.InnerExceptions) {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}", ie.GetType().Name);
            if (! msg.Contains(ie.Message))
               msg += ie.Message + Environment.NewLine;
         }
         Console.WriteLine("\nException Message(s):");
         Console.WriteLine(msg);
      }
   }
}

// Define the lock object.
var obj = new Object();

// Define the critical section.
Monitor.Enter(obj);
try {
   // Code to execute one thread at a time.
}
// catch blocks go here.
finally {
   Monitor.Exit(obj);
}

[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.Synchronized)]
void MethodToLock()
{
   // Method implementation.
}