static int __devinit jsm_probe_one(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *ent)
{
	int rc = 0;
	struct jsm_board *brd;
	static int adapter_count = 0;

	rc = pci_enable_device(pdev);
	if (rc) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Device enable FAILED\n");
		goto out;
	}

	rc = pci_request_regions(pdev, "jsm");
	if (rc) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "pci_request_region FAILED\n");
		goto out_disable_device;
	}

	brd = kzalloc(sizeof(struct jsm_board), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!brd) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
			"memory allocation for board structure failed\n");
		rc = -ENOMEM;
		goto out_release_regions;
	}

	/* store the info for the board we've found */
	brd->boardnum = adapter_count++;
	brd->pci_dev = pdev;
	if (pdev->device == PCIE_DEVICE_ID_NEO_4_IBM)
		brd->maxports = 4;
	else if (pdev->device == PCI_DEVICE_ID_DIGI_NEO_8)
		brd->maxports = 8;
	else
		brd->maxports = 2;

	spin_lock_init(&brd->bd_intr_lock);

	/* store which revision we have */
	brd->rev = pdev->revision;

	brd->irq = pdev->irq;

	jsm_printk(INIT, INFO, &brd->pci_dev,
		"jsm_found_board - NEO adapter\n");

	/* get the PCI Base Address Registers */
	brd->membase	= pci_resource_start(pdev, 0);
	brd->membase_end = pci_resource_end(pdev, 0);

	if (brd->membase & 1)
		brd->membase &= ~3;
	else
		brd->membase &= ~15;

	/* Assign the board_ops struct */
	brd->bd_ops = &jsm_neo_ops;

	brd->bd_uart_offset = 0x200;
	brd->bd_dividend = 921600;

	brd->re_map_membase = ioremap(brd->membase, pci_resource_len(pdev, 0));
	if (!brd->re_map_membase) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
			"card has no PCI Memory resources, "
			"failing board.\n");
		rc = -ENOMEM;
		goto out_kfree_brd;
	}

	rc = request_irq(brd->irq, brd->bd_ops->intr,
			IRQF_SHARED, "JSM", brd);
	if (rc) {
		printk(KERN_WARNING "Failed to hook IRQ %d\n",brd->irq);
		goto out_iounmap;
	}

	rc = jsm_tty_init(brd);
	if (rc < 0) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Can't init tty devices (%d)\n", rc);
		rc = -ENXIO;
		goto out_free_irq;
	}

	rc = jsm_uart_port_init(brd);
	if (rc < 0) {
		/* XXX: leaking all resources from jsm_tty_init here! */
		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Can't init uart port (%d)\n", rc);
		rc = -ENXIO;
		goto out_free_irq;
	}

	/* Log the information about the board */
	dev_info(&pdev->dev, "board %d: Digi Neo (rev %d), irq %d\n",
			adapter_count, brd->rev, brd->irq);

	/*
	 * allocate flip buffer for board.
	 *
	 * Okay to malloc with GFP_KERNEL, we are not at interrupt
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int orinoco_plx_init_one(struct pci_dev *pdev,
				const struct pci_device_id *ent)
{
	int err;
	struct orinoco_private *priv;
	struct orinoco_pci_card *card;
	void __iomem *hermes_io, *attr_io, *bridge_io;

	err = pci_enable_device(pdev);
	if (err) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "Cannot enable PCI device\n");
		return err;
	}

	err = pci_request_regions(pdev, DRIVER_NAME);
	if (err) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "Cannot obtain PCI resources\n");
		goto fail_resources;
	}

	bridge_io = pci_iomap(pdev, 1, 0);
	if (!bridge_io) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "Cannot map bridge registers\n");
		err = -EIO;
		goto fail_map_bridge;
	}

	attr_io = pci_iomap(pdev, 2, 0);
	if (!attr_io) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "Cannot map PCMCIA attributes\n");
		err = -EIO;
		goto fail_map_attr;
	}

	hermes_io = pci_iomap(pdev, 3, 0);
	if (!hermes_io) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "Cannot map chipset registers\n");
		err = -EIO;
		goto fail_map_hermes;
	}

	/* Allocate network device */
	priv = alloc_orinocodev(sizeof(*card), &pdev->dev,
				orinoco_plx_cor_reset, NULL);
	if (!priv) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "Cannot allocate network device\n");
		err = -ENOMEM;
		goto fail_alloc;
	}

	card = priv->card;
	card->bridge_io = bridge_io;
	card->attr_io = attr_io;

	hermes_struct_init(&priv->hw, hermes_io, HERMES_16BIT_REGSPACING);

	err = request_irq(pdev->irq, orinoco_interrupt, IRQF_SHARED,
			  DRIVER_NAME, priv);
	if (err) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "Cannot allocate IRQ %d\n", pdev->irq);
		err = -EBUSY;
		goto fail_irq;
	}

	err = orinoco_plx_hw_init(card);
	if (err) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "Hardware initialization failed\n");
		goto fail;
	}

	err = orinoco_plx_cor_reset(priv);
	if (err) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "Initial reset failed\n");
		goto fail;
	}

	err = orinoco_init(priv);
	if (err) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "orinoco_init() failed\n");
		goto fail;
	}

	err = orinoco_if_add(priv, 0, 0, NULL);
	if (err) {
		printk(KERN_ERR PFX "orinoco_if_add() failed\n");
		goto fail;
	}

	pci_set_drvdata(pdev, priv);

	return 0;

 fail:
	free_irq(pdev->irq, priv);

 fail_irq:
	pci_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL);
	free_orinocodev(priv);

 fail_alloc:
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int __devinit rtsx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci, const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
{
	struct Scsi_Host *host;
	struct rtsx_dev *dev;
	int err = 0;
	struct task_struct *th;

	RTSX_DEBUGP("Realtek PCI-E card reader detected\n");

	err = pci_enable_device(pci);
	if (err < 0) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "PCI enable device failed!\n");
		return err;
	}

	err = pci_request_regions(pci, CR_DRIVER_NAME);
	if (err < 0) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "PCI request regions for %s failed!\n", CR_DRIVER_NAME);
		pci_disable_device(pci);
		return err;
	}

	/*
	 * Ask the SCSI layer to allocate a host structure, with extra
	 * space at the end for our private rtsx_dev structure.
	 */
	host = scsi_host_alloc(&rtsx_host_template, sizeof(*dev));
	if (!host) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Unable to allocate the scsi host\n");
		pci_release_regions(pci);
		pci_disable_device(pci);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	dev = host_to_rtsx(host);
	memset(dev, 0, sizeof(struct rtsx_dev));

	dev->chip = kzalloc(sizeof(struct rtsx_chip), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (dev->chip == NULL) {
		goto errout;
	}

	spin_lock_init(&dev->reg_lock);
	mutex_init(&(dev->dev_mutex));
	init_completion(&dev->cmnd_ready);
	init_completion(&dev->control_exit);
	init_completion(&dev->polling_exit);
	init_completion(&(dev->notify));
	init_completion(&dev->scanning_done);
	init_waitqueue_head(&dev->delay_wait);

	dev->pci = pci;
	dev->irq = -1;

	printk(KERN_INFO "Resource length: 0x%x\n", (unsigned int)pci_resource_len(pci, 0));
	dev->addr = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
	dev->remap_addr = ioremap_nocache(dev->addr, pci_resource_len(pci, 0));
	if (dev->remap_addr == NULL) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "ioremap error\n");
		err = -ENXIO;
		goto errout;
	}

	/* Using "unsigned long" cast here to eliminate gcc warning in 64-bit system */
	printk(KERN_INFO "Original address: 0x%lx, remapped address: 0x%lx\n",
			(unsigned long)(dev->addr), (unsigned long)(dev->remap_addr));

	dev->rtsx_resv_buf = dma_alloc_coherent(&(pci->dev), RTSX_RESV_BUF_LEN,
			&(dev->rtsx_resv_buf_addr), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (dev->rtsx_resv_buf == NULL) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "alloc dma buffer fail\n");
		err = -ENXIO;
		goto errout;
	}
	dev->chip->host_cmds_ptr = dev->rtsx_resv_buf;
	dev->chip->host_cmds_addr = dev->rtsx_resv_buf_addr;
	dev->chip->host_sg_tbl_ptr = dev->rtsx_resv_buf + HOST_CMDS_BUF_LEN;
	dev->chip->host_sg_tbl_addr = dev->rtsx_resv_buf_addr + HOST_CMDS_BUF_LEN;

	dev->chip->rtsx = dev;

	rtsx_init_options(dev->chip);

	printk(KERN_INFO "pci->irq = %d\n", pci->irq);

	if (dev->chip->msi_en) {
		if (pci_enable_msi(pci) < 0)
			dev->chip->msi_en = 0;
	}

	if (rtsx_acquire_irq(dev) < 0) {
		err = -EBUSY;
		goto errout;
	}

	pci_set_master(pci);
	synchronize_irq(dev->irq);

	rtsx_init_chip(dev->chip);

//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int denali_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *dev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
{
	int ret = -ENODEV;
	resource_size_t csr_base, mem_base;
	unsigned long csr_len, mem_len;
	struct denali_nand_info *denali;

	denali = kzalloc(sizeof(*denali), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!denali)
		return -ENOMEM;

	ret = pci_enable_device(dev);
	if (ret) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: pci_enable_device failed.\n");
		goto failed_alloc_memery;
	}

	if (id->driver_data == INTEL_CE4100) {
		if (onfi_timing_mode < -1 || onfi_timing_mode > 1) {
			printk(KERN_ERR "Intel CE4100 only supports"
					" ONFI timing mode 1 or below\n");
			ret = -EINVAL;
			goto failed_enable_dev;
		}
		denali->platform = INTEL_CE4100;
		mem_base = pci_resource_start(dev, 0);
		mem_len = pci_resource_len(dev, 1);
		csr_base = pci_resource_start(dev, 1);
		csr_len = pci_resource_len(dev, 1);
	} else {
		denali->platform = INTEL_MRST;
		csr_base = pci_resource_start(dev, 0);
		csr_len = pci_resource_len(dev, 0);
		mem_base = pci_resource_start(dev, 1);
		mem_len = pci_resource_len(dev, 1);
		if (!mem_len) {
			mem_base = csr_base + csr_len;
			mem_len = csr_len;
		}
	}

	
	ret = dma_set_mask(&dev->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32));
	if (ret) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: no usable DMA configuration\n");
		goto failed_enable_dev;
	}
	denali->buf.dma_buf = dma_map_single(&dev->dev, denali->buf.buf,
					     DENALI_BUF_SIZE,
					     DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL);

	if (dma_mapping_error(&dev->dev, denali->buf.dma_buf)) {
		dev_err(&dev->dev, "Spectra: failed to map DMA buffer\n");
		goto failed_enable_dev;
	}

	pci_set_master(dev);
	denali->dev = &dev->dev;
	denali->mtd.dev.parent = &dev->dev;

	ret = pci_request_regions(dev, DENALI_NAND_NAME);
	if (ret) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: Unable to request memory regions\n");
		goto failed_dma_map;
	}

	denali->flash_reg = ioremap_nocache(csr_base, csr_len);
	if (!denali->flash_reg) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: Unable to remap memory region\n");
		ret = -ENOMEM;
		goto failed_req_regions;
	}

	denali->flash_mem = ioremap_nocache(mem_base, mem_len);
	if (!denali->flash_mem) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: ioremap_nocache failed!");
		ret = -ENOMEM;
		goto failed_remap_reg;
	}

	denali_hw_init(denali);
	denali_drv_init(denali);

	if (request_irq(dev->irq, denali_isr, IRQF_SHARED,
			DENALI_NAND_NAME, denali)) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: Unable to allocate IRQ\n");
		ret = -ENODEV;
		goto failed_remap_mem;
	}

	
	denali_set_intr_modes(denali, true);

	pci_set_drvdata(dev, denali);

	denali->mtd.name = "denali-nand";
	denali->mtd.owner = THIS_MODULE;
	denali->mtd.priv = &denali->nand;

	
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

/* Main entry */
static int r592_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
{
	int error = -ENOMEM;
	struct memstick_host *host;
	struct r592_device *dev;

	/* Allocate memory */
	host = memstick_alloc_host(sizeof(struct r592_device), &pdev->dev);
	if (!host)
		goto error1;

	dev = memstick_priv(host);
	dev->host = host;
	dev->pci_dev = pdev;
	pci_set_drvdata(pdev, dev);

	/* pci initialization */
	error = pci_enable_device(pdev);
	if (error)
		goto error2;

	pci_set_master(pdev);
	error = pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32));
	if (error)
		goto error3;

	error = pci_request_regions(pdev, DRV_NAME);
	if (error)
		goto error3;

	dev->mmio = pci_ioremap_bar(pdev, 0);
	if (!dev->mmio)
		goto error4;

	dev->irq = pdev->irq;
	spin_lock_init(&dev->irq_lock);
	spin_lock_init(&dev->io_thread_lock);
	init_completion(&dev->dma_done);
	INIT_KFIFO(dev->pio_fifo);
	setup_timer(&dev->detect_timer,
		r592_detect_timer, (long unsigned int)dev);

	/* Host initialization */
	host->caps = MEMSTICK_CAP_PAR4;
	host->request = r592_submit_req;
	host->set_param = r592_set_param;
	r592_check_dma(dev);

	dev->io_thread = kthread_run(r592_process_thread, dev, "r592_io");
	if (IS_ERR(dev->io_thread)) {
		error = PTR_ERR(dev->io_thread);
		goto error5;
	}

	/* This is just a precation, so don't fail */
	dev->dummy_dma_page = pci_alloc_consistent(pdev, PAGE_SIZE,
		&dev->dummy_dma_page_physical_address);
	r592_stop_dma(dev , 0);

	if (request_irq(dev->irq, &r592_irq, IRQF_SHARED,
			  DRV_NAME, dev))
		goto error6;

	r592_update_card_detect(dev);
	if (memstick_add_host(host))
		goto error7;

	message("driver successfully loaded");
	return 0;
error7:
	free_irq(dev->irq, dev);
error6:
	if (dev->dummy_dma_page)
		pci_free_consistent(pdev, PAGE_SIZE, dev->dummy_dma_page,
			dev->dummy_dma_page_physical_address);

	kthread_stop(dev->io_thread);
error5:
	iounmap(dev->mmio);
error4:
	pci_release_regions(pdev);
error3:
	pci_disable_device(pdev);
error2:
	memstick_free_host(host);
error1:
	return error;
}

static int sis_init_one (struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *ent)
{
	static int printed_version;
	struct ata_probe_ent *probe_ent = NULL;
	int rc;
	u32 genctl, val;
	struct ata_port_info pi = sis_port_info, *ppi[2] = { &pi, &pi };
	int pci_dev_busy = 0;
	u8 pmr;
	u8 port2_start;

	if (!printed_version++)
		dev_printk(KERN_INFO, &pdev->dev, "version " DRV_VERSION "\n");

	rc = pci_enable_device(pdev);
	if (rc)
		return rc;

	rc = pci_request_regions(pdev, DRV_NAME);
	if (rc) {
		pci_dev_busy = 1;
		goto err_out;
	}

	rc = pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, ATA_DMA_MASK);
	if (rc)
		goto err_out_regions;
	rc = pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pdev, ATA_DMA_MASK);
	if (rc)
		goto err_out_regions;

	/* check and see if the SCRs are in IO space or PCI cfg space */
	pci_read_config_dword(pdev, SIS_GENCTL, &genctl);
	if ((genctl & GENCTL_IOMAPPED_SCR) == 0)
		pi.flags |= SIS_FLAG_CFGSCR;

	/* if hardware thinks SCRs are in IO space, but there are
	 * no IO resources assigned, change to PCI cfg space.
	 */
	if ((!(pi.flags & SIS_FLAG_CFGSCR)) &&
	    ((pci_resource_start(pdev, SIS_SCR_PCI_BAR) == 0) ||
	     (pci_resource_len(pdev, SIS_SCR_PCI_BAR) < 128))) {
		genctl &= ~GENCTL_IOMAPPED_SCR;
		pci_write_config_dword(pdev, SIS_GENCTL, genctl);
		pi.flags |= SIS_FLAG_CFGSCR;
	}

	pci_read_config_byte(pdev, SIS_PMR, &pmr);
	if (ent->device != 0x182) {
		if ((pmr & SIS_PMR_COMBINED) == 0) {
			dev_printk(KERN_INFO, &pdev->dev,
				   "Detected SiS 180/181/964 chipset in SATA mode\n");
			port2_start = 64;
		}
		else {
			dev_printk(KERN_INFO, &pdev->dev,
				   "Detected SiS 180/181 chipset in combined mode\n");
			port2_start=0;
			pi.flags |= ATA_FLAG_SLAVE_POSS;
		}
	}
	else {
		pci_read_config_dword ( pdev, 0x6C, &val);
		if (val & (1L << 31)) {
			dev_printk(KERN_INFO, &pdev->dev, "Detected SiS 182/965 chipset\n");
			pi.flags |= ATA_FLAG_SLAVE_POSS;
		}
		else
			dev_printk(KERN_INFO, &pdev->dev, "Detected SiS 182/965L chipset\n");
		port2_start = 0x20;
	}

	probe_ent = ata_pci_init_native_mode(pdev, ppi, ATA_PORT_PRIMARY | ATA_PORT_SECONDARY);
	if (!probe_ent) {
		rc = -ENOMEM;
		goto err_out_regions;
	}

	if (!(probe_ent->port_flags & SIS_FLAG_CFGSCR)) {
		probe_ent->port[0].scr_addr =
			pci_resource_start(pdev, SIS_SCR_PCI_BAR);
		probe_ent->port[1].scr_addr =
			pci_resource_start(pdev, SIS_SCR_PCI_BAR) + port2_start;
	}

	pci_set_master(pdev);
	pci_intx(pdev, 1);

	/* FIXME: check ata_device_add return value */
	ata_device_add(probe_ent);
	kfree(probe_ent);

	return 0;

err_out_regions:
	pci_release_regions(pdev);

err_out:
	if (!pci_dev_busy)
		pci_disable_device(pdev);
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int __devinit et131x_pci_setup(struct pci_dev *pdev,
			       const struct pci_device_id *ent)
{
	int result = -EBUSY;
	int pm_cap;
	bool pci_using_dac;
	struct net_device *netdev;
	struct et131x_adapter *adapter;

	/* Enable the device via the PCI subsystem */
	if (pci_enable_device(pdev) != 0) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
			"pci_enable_device() failed\n");
		return -EIO;
	}

	/* Perform some basic PCI checks */
	if (!(pci_resource_flags(pdev, 0) & IORESOURCE_MEM)) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
			  "Can't find PCI device's base address\n");
		goto err_disable;
	}

	if (pci_request_regions(pdev, DRIVER_NAME)) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
			"Can't get PCI resources\n");
		goto err_disable;
	}

	/* Enable PCI bus mastering */
	pci_set_master(pdev);

	/* Query PCI for Power Mgmt Capabilities
	 *
	 * NOTE: Now reading PowerMgmt in another location; is this still
	 * needed?
	 */
	pm_cap = pci_find_capability(pdev, PCI_CAP_ID_PM);
	if (pm_cap == 0) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
			  "Cannot find Power Management capabilities\n");
		result = -EIO;
		goto err_release_res;
	}

	/* Check the DMA addressing support of this device */
	if (!pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64))) {
		pci_using_dac = true;

		result = pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64));
		if (result != 0) {
			dev_err(&pdev->dev,
				  "Unable to obtain 64 bit DMA for consistent allocations\n");
			goto err_release_res;
		}
	} else if (!pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32))) {
		pci_using_dac = false;
	} else {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
			"No usable DMA addressing method\n");
		result = -EIO;
		goto err_release_res;
	}

	/* Allocate netdev and private adapter structs */
	netdev = et131x_device_alloc();
	if (netdev == NULL) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Couldn't alloc netdev struct\n");
		result = -ENOMEM;
		goto err_release_res;
	}
	adapter = et131x_adapter_init(netdev, pdev);
	/* Initialise the PCI setup for the device */
	et131x_pci_init(adapter, pdev);

	/* Map the bus-relative registers to system virtual memory */
	adapter->regs = pci_ioremap_bar(pdev, 0);
	if (adapter->regs == NULL) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Cannot map device registers\n");
		result = -ENOMEM;
		goto err_free_dev;
	}

	/* If Phy COMA mode was enabled when we went down, disable it here. */
	writel(ET_PMCSR_INIT,  &adapter->regs->global.pm_csr);

	/* Issue a global reset to the et1310 */
	et131x_soft_reset(adapter);

	/* Disable all interrupts (paranoid) */
	et131x_disable_interrupts(adapter);

	/* Allocate DMA memory */
	result = et131x_adapter_memory_alloc(adapter);
	if (result != 0) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Could not alloc adapater memory (DMA)\n");
		goto err_iounmap;
	}

	/* Init send data structures */
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int __devinit pci200_pci_init_one(struct pci_dev *pdev,
					 const struct pci_device_id *ent)
{
	card_t *card;
	u8 rev_id;
	u32 *p;
	int i;
	u32 ramsize;
	u32 ramphys;		/* buffer memory base */
	u32 scaphys;		/* SCA memory base */
	u32 plxphys;		/* PLX registers memory base */

#ifndef MODULE
	static int printed_version;
	if (!printed_version++)
		printk(KERN_INFO "%s\n", version);
#endif

	i = pci_enable_device(pdev);
	if (i)
		return i;

	i = pci_request_regions(pdev, "PCI200SYN");
	if (i) {
		pci_disable_device(pdev);
		return i;
	}

	card = kmalloc(sizeof(card_t), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (card == NULL) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "pci200syn: unable to allocate memory\n");
		pci_release_regions(pdev);
		pci_disable_device(pdev);
		return -ENOBUFS;
	}
	memset(card, 0, sizeof(card_t));
	pci_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
	card->ports[0].dev = alloc_hdlcdev(&card->ports[0]);
	card->ports[1].dev = alloc_hdlcdev(&card->ports[1]);
	if (!card->ports[0].dev || !card->ports[1].dev) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "pci200syn: unable to allocate memory\n");
		pci200_pci_remove_one(pdev);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	pci_read_config_byte(pdev, PCI_REVISION_ID, &rev_id);
	if (pci_resource_len(pdev, 0) != PCI200SYN_PLX_SIZE ||
	    pci_resource_len(pdev, 2) != PCI200SYN_SCA_SIZE ||
	    pci_resource_len(pdev, 3) < 16384) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "pci200syn: invalid card EEPROM parameters\n");
		pci200_pci_remove_one(pdev);
		return -EFAULT;
	}

	plxphys = pci_resource_start(pdev,0) & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_MASK;
	card->plxbase = ioremap(plxphys, PCI200SYN_PLX_SIZE);

	scaphys = pci_resource_start(pdev,2) & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_MASK;
	card->scabase = ioremap(scaphys, PCI200SYN_SCA_SIZE);

	ramphys = pci_resource_start(pdev,3) & PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_MASK;
	card->rambase = ioremap(ramphys, pci_resource_len(pdev,3));

	if (card->plxbase == NULL ||
	    card->scabase == NULL ||
	    card->rambase == NULL) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "pci200syn: ioremap() failed\n");
		pci200_pci_remove_one(pdev);
	}

	/* Reset PLX */
	p = &card->plxbase->init_ctrl;
	writel(readl(p) | 0x40000000, p);
	readl(p);		/* Flush the write - do not use sca_flush */
	udelay(1);

	writel(readl(p) & ~0x40000000, p);
	readl(p);		/* Flush the write - do not use sca_flush */
	udelay(1);

	ramsize = sca_detect_ram(card, card->rambase,
				 pci_resource_len(pdev, 3));

	/* number of TX + RX buffers for one port - this is dual port card */
	i = ramsize / (2 * (sizeof(pkt_desc) + HDLC_MAX_MRU));
	card->tx_ring_buffers = min(i / 2, MAX_TX_BUFFERS);
	card->rx_ring_buffers = i - card->tx_ring_buffers;

	card->buff_offset = 2 * sizeof(pkt_desc) * (card->tx_ring_buffers +
						    card->rx_ring_buffers);

	printk(KERN_INFO "pci200syn: %u KB RAM at 0x%x, IRQ%u, using %u TX +"
	       " %u RX packets rings\n", ramsize / 1024, ramphys,
	       pdev->irq, card->tx_ring_buffers, card->rx_ring_buffers);

	if (card->tx_ring_buffers < 1) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "pci200syn: RAM test failed\n");
		pci200_pci_remove_one(pdev);
		return -EFAULT;
	}
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int __devinit p54p_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev,
                const struct pci_device_id *id)
{
    struct p54p_priv *priv;
    struct ieee80211_hw *dev;
    unsigned long mem_addr, mem_len;
    int err;
    DECLARE_MAC_BUF(mac);

    err = pci_enable_device(pdev);
    if (err) {
        printk(KERN_ERR "%s (prism54pci): Cannot enable new PCI device\n",
               pci_name(pdev));
        return err;
    }

    mem_addr = pci_resource_start(pdev, 0);
    mem_len = pci_resource_len(pdev, 0);
    if (mem_len < sizeof(struct p54p_csr)) {
        printk(KERN_ERR "%s (prism54pci): Too short PCI resources\n",
               pci_name(pdev));
        pci_disable_device(pdev);
        return err;
    }

    err = pci_request_regions(pdev, "prism54pci");
    if (err) {
        printk(KERN_ERR "%s (prism54pci): Cannot obtain PCI resources\n",
               pci_name(pdev));
        return err;
    }

    if (pci_set_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_32BIT_MASK) ||
        pci_set_consistent_dma_mask(pdev, DMA_32BIT_MASK)) {
        printk(KERN_ERR "%s (prism54pci): No suitable DMA available\n",
               pci_name(pdev));
        goto err_free_reg;
    }

    pci_set_master(pdev);
    pci_try_set_mwi(pdev);

    pci_write_config_byte(pdev, 0x40, 0);
    pci_write_config_byte(pdev, 0x41, 0);

    dev = p54_init_common(sizeof(*priv));
    if (!dev) {
        printk(KERN_ERR "%s (prism54pci): ieee80211 alloc failed\n",
               pci_name(pdev));
        err = -ENOMEM;
        goto err_free_reg;
    }

    priv = dev->priv;
    priv->pdev = pdev;

    SET_IEEE80211_DEV(dev, &pdev->dev);
    pci_set_drvdata(pdev, dev);

    priv->map = ioremap(mem_addr, mem_len);
    if (!priv->map) {
        printk(KERN_ERR "%s (prism54pci): Cannot map device memory\n",
               pci_name(pdev));
        err = -EINVAL;    // TODO: use a better error code?
        goto err_free_dev;
    }

    priv->ring_control = pci_alloc_consistent(pdev, sizeof(*priv->ring_control),
                          &priv->ring_control_dma);
    if (!priv->ring_control) {
        printk(KERN_ERR "%s (prism54pci): Cannot allocate rings\n",
               pci_name(pdev));
        err = -ENOMEM;
        goto err_iounmap;
    }
    memset(priv->ring_control, 0, sizeof(*priv->ring_control));

    err = p54p_upload_firmware(dev);
    if (err)
        goto err_free_desc;

    err = p54p_read_eeprom(dev);
    if (err)
        goto err_free_desc;

    priv->common.open = p54p_open;
    priv->common.stop = p54p_stop;
    priv->common.tx = p54p_tx;

    spin_lock_init(&priv->lock);

    err = ieee80211_register_hw(dev);
    if (err) {
        printk(KERN_ERR "%s (prism54pci): Cannot register netdevice\n",
               pci_name(pdev));
        goto err_free_common;
    }

    printk(KERN_INFO "%s: hwaddr %s, isl38%02x\n",
           wiphy_name(dev->wiphy),
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int __devinit rt2860_probe(IN struct pci_dev *pci_dev,
				  IN const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
{
	struct rt_rtmp_adapter *pAd = (struct rt_rtmp_adapter *)NULL;
	struct net_device *net_dev;
	void *handle;
	char *print_name;
	unsigned long csr_addr;
	int rv = 0;
	struct rt_rtmp_os_netdev_op_hook netDevHook;

	DBGPRINT(RT_DEBUG_TRACE, ("===> rt2860_probe\n"));

/*PCIDevInit============================================== */
	/* wake up and enable device */
	if ((rv = pci_enable_device(pci_dev)) != 0) {
		DBGPRINT(RT_DEBUG_ERROR,
			 ("Enable PCI device failed, errno=%d!\n", rv));
		return rv;
	}

	print_name = (char *)pci_name(pci_dev);

	if ((rv = pci_request_regions(pci_dev, print_name)) != 0) {
		DBGPRINT(RT_DEBUG_ERROR,
			 ("Request PCI resource failed, errno=%d!\n", rv));
		goto err_out;
	}
	/* map physical address to virtual address for accessing register */
	csr_addr =
	    (unsigned long)ioremap(pci_resource_start(pci_dev, 0),
				   pci_resource_len(pci_dev, 0));
	if (!csr_addr) {
		DBGPRINT(RT_DEBUG_ERROR,
			 ("ioremap failed for device %s, region 0x%lX @ 0x%lX\n",
			  print_name, (unsigned long)pci_resource_len(pci_dev, 0),
			  (unsigned long)pci_resource_start(pci_dev, 0)));
		goto err_out_free_res;
	} else {
		DBGPRINT(RT_DEBUG_TRACE,
			 ("%s: at 0x%lx, VA 0x%lx, IRQ %d. \n", print_name,
			  (unsigned long)pci_resource_start(pci_dev, 0),
			  (unsigned long)csr_addr, pci_dev->irq));
	}

	/* Set DMA master */
	pci_set_master(pci_dev);

/*RtmpDevInit============================================== */
	/* Allocate struct rt_rtmp_adapter adapter structure */
	handle = kmalloc(sizeof(struct os_cookie), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (handle == NULL) {
		DBGPRINT(RT_DEBUG_ERROR,
			 ("%s(): Allocate memory for os handle failed!\n",
			  __func__));
		goto err_out_iounmap;
	}

	((struct os_cookie *)handle)->pci_dev = pci_dev;

	rv = RTMPAllocAdapterBlock(handle, &pAd);	/*shiang: we may need the pci_dev for allocate structure of "struct rt_rtmp_adapter" */
	if (rv != NDIS_STATUS_SUCCESS)
		goto err_out_iounmap;
	/* Here are the struct rt_rtmp_adapter structure with pci-bus specific parameters. */
	pAd->CSRBaseAddress = (u8 *)csr_addr;
	DBGPRINT(RT_DEBUG_ERROR,
		 ("pAd->CSRBaseAddress =0x%lx, csr_addr=0x%lx!\n",
		  (unsigned long)pAd->CSRBaseAddress, csr_addr));
	RtmpRaDevCtrlInit(pAd, RTMP_DEV_INF_PCI);

/*NetDevInit============================================== */
	net_dev = RtmpPhyNetDevInit(pAd, &netDevHook);
	if (net_dev == NULL)
		goto err_out_free_radev;

	/* Here are the net_device structure with pci-bus specific parameters. */
	net_dev->irq = pci_dev->irq;	/* Interrupt IRQ number */
	net_dev->base_addr = csr_addr;	/* Save CSR virtual address and irq to device structure */
	pci_set_drvdata(pci_dev, net_dev);	/* Set driver data */

/* for supporting Network Manager */
	/* Set the sysfs physical device reference for the network logical device
	 * if set prior to registration will cause a symlink during initialization.
	 */
	SET_NETDEV_DEV(net_dev, &(pci_dev->dev));

/*All done, it's time to register the net device to linux kernel. */
	/* Register this device */
	rv = RtmpOSNetDevAttach(net_dev, &netDevHook);
	if (rv)
		goto err_out_free_netdev;

	pAd->StaCfg.OriDevType = net_dev->type;
	RTMPInitPCIeDevice(pci_dev, pAd);

	DBGPRINT(RT_DEBUG_TRACE, ("<=== rt2860_probe\n"));

	return 0;		/* probe ok */

	/* --------------------------- ERROR HANDLE --------------------------- */
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int __devinit hypercall_init_board(struct pci_dev *pdev,
					  struct hypercall_dev **dev_out)
{
	unsigned long ioaddr;
	struct hypercall_dev *dev;
	int rc;
	u32 disable_dev_on_err = 0;
	unsigned long pio_start, pio_end, pio_flags, pio_len;
	unsigned long mmio_start, mmio_end, mmio_flags, mmio_len;

	assert(pdev != NULL);

	*dev_out = NULL;

	dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (dev == NULL) {
		printk (KERN_ERR "%s: Unable to alloc hypercall device\n", pci_name(pdev));
		return -ENOMEM;
	}
	dev->pci_dev = pdev;
	rc = pci_enable_device(pdev);
	if (rc)
		goto err_out;
	disable_dev_on_err = 1;

	pio_start = pci_resource_start (pdev, 0);
	pio_end = pci_resource_end (pdev, 0);
	pio_flags = pci_resource_flags (pdev, 0);
	pio_len = pci_resource_len (pdev, 0);

	mmio_start = pci_resource_start (pdev, 1);
	mmio_end = pci_resource_end (pdev, 1);
	mmio_flags = pci_resource_flags (pdev, 1);
	mmio_len = pci_resource_len (pdev, 1);

	DPRINTK("PIO region size == 0x%02lX\n", pio_len);
	DPRINTK("MMIO region size == 0x%02lX\n", mmio_len);

	rc = pci_request_regions (pdev, "hypercall");
	if (rc)
		goto err_out;

#define USE_IO_OPS 1
#ifdef USE_IO_OPS
	ioaddr = (unsigned long)pci_iomap(pdev, 0, 0);
	//ioaddr = ioport_map(pio_start, pio_len);
	if (!ioaddr) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: cannot map PIO, aborting\n", pci_name(pdev));
		rc = -EIO;
		goto err_out;
	}
	dev->base_addr = (unsigned long)pio_start;
	dev->io_addr = (void*)ioaddr;
	dev->regs_len = pio_len;
#else
	ioaddr = pci_iomap(pdev, 1, 0);
	if (ioaddr == NULL) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: cannot remap MMIO, aborting\n", pci_name(pdev));
		rc = -EIO;
		goto err_out;
	}
	dev->base_addr = ioaddr;
	dev->io_addr = (void*)ioaddr;
	dev->regs_len = mmio_len;
#endif /* USE_IO_OPS */

	*dev_out = dev;
	return 0;

err_out:
	hypercall_cleanup_dev(dev);
	if (disable_dev_on_err)
		pci_disable_device(pdev);
	return rc;
}

/*
 *    probe function - creates the card manager
 */
static int __devinit snd_mixart_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
				      const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
{
	static int dev;
	struct mixart_mgr *mgr;
	unsigned int i;
	int err;
	size_t size;

	/*
	 */
	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
		return -ENODEV;
	if (! enable[dev]) {
		dev++;
		return -ENOENT;
	}

	/* enable PCI device */
	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
		return err;
	pci_set_master(pci);

	/* check if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 32 bits */
	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci, DMA_32BIT_MASK) < 0) {
		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "architecture does not support 32bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
		pci_disable_device(pci);
		return -ENXIO;
	}

	/*
	 */
	mgr = kzalloc(sizeof(*mgr), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (! mgr) {
		pci_disable_device(pci);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	mgr->pci = pci;
	mgr->irq = -1;

	/* resource assignment */
	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, CARD_NAME)) < 0) {
		kfree(mgr);
		pci_disable_device(pci);
		return err;
	}
	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
		mgr->mem[i].phys = pci_resource_start(pci, i);
		mgr->mem[i].virt = pci_ioremap_bar(pci, i);
		if (!mgr->mem[i].virt) {
		        printk(KERN_ERR "unable to remap resource 0x%lx\n",
			       mgr->mem[i].phys);
			snd_mixart_free(mgr);
			return -EBUSY;
		}
	}

	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_mixart_interrupt, IRQF_SHARED,
			CARD_NAME, mgr)) {
		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
		snd_mixart_free(mgr);
		return -EBUSY;
	}
	mgr->irq = pci->irq;

	sprintf(mgr->shortname, "Digigram miXart");
	sprintf(mgr->longname, "%s at 0x%lx & 0x%lx, irq %i", mgr->shortname, mgr->mem[0].phys, mgr->mem[1].phys, mgr->irq);

	/* ISR spinlock  */
	spin_lock_init(&mgr->lock);

	/* init mailbox  */
	mgr->msg_fifo_readptr = 0;
	mgr->msg_fifo_writeptr = 0;

	spin_lock_init(&mgr->msg_lock);
	mutex_init(&mgr->msg_mutex);
	init_waitqueue_head(&mgr->msg_sleep);
	atomic_set(&mgr->msg_processed, 0);

	/* init setup mutex*/
	mutex_init(&mgr->setup_mutex);

	/* init message taslket */
	tasklet_init(&mgr->msg_taskq, snd_mixart_msg_tasklet, (unsigned long) mgr);

	/* card assignment */
	mgr->num_cards = MIXART_MAX_CARDS; /* 4  FIXME: configurable? */
	for (i = 0; i < mgr->num_cards; i++) {
		struct snd_card *card;
		char tmpid[16];
		int idx;

		if (index[dev] < 0)
			idx = index[dev];
		else
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

/* driver entry point */
static int denali_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *dev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
{
	int ret = -ENODEV;
	resource_size_t csr_base, mem_base;
	unsigned long csr_len, mem_len;
	struct denali_nand_info *denali;

	denali = kzalloc(sizeof(*denali), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!denali)
		return -ENOMEM;

	ret = pci_enable_device(dev);
	if (ret) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: pci_enable_device failed.\n");
		goto failed_alloc_memery;
	}

	if (id->driver_data == INTEL_CE4100) {
		/* Due to a silicon limitation, we can only support
		 * ONFI timing mode 1 and below.
		 */
		if (onfi_timing_mode < -1 || onfi_timing_mode > 1) {
			printk(KERN_ERR "Intel CE4100 only supports"
					" ONFI timing mode 1 or below\n");
			ret = -EINVAL;
			goto failed_enable_dev;
		}
		denali->platform = INTEL_CE4100;
		mem_base = pci_resource_start(dev, 0);
		mem_len = pci_resource_len(dev, 1);
		csr_base = pci_resource_start(dev, 1);
		csr_len = pci_resource_len(dev, 1);
	} else {
		denali->platform = INTEL_MRST;
		csr_base = pci_resource_start(dev, 0);
		csr_len = pci_resource_len(dev, 0);
		mem_base = pci_resource_start(dev, 1);
		mem_len = pci_resource_len(dev, 1);
		if (!mem_len) {
			mem_base = csr_base + csr_len;
			mem_len = csr_len;
		}
	}

	/* Is 32-bit DMA supported? */
	ret = dma_set_mask(&dev->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(32));
	if (ret) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: no usable DMA configuration\n");
		goto failed_enable_dev;
	}
	denali->buf.dma_buf = dma_map_single(&dev->dev, denali->buf.buf,
					     DENALI_BUF_SIZE,
					     DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL);

	if (dma_mapping_error(&dev->dev, denali->buf.dma_buf)) {
		dev_err(&dev->dev, "Spectra: failed to map DMA buffer\n");
		goto failed_enable_dev;
	}

	pci_set_master(dev);
	denali->dev = &dev->dev;
	denali->mtd.dev.parent = &dev->dev;

	ret = pci_request_regions(dev, DENALI_NAND_NAME);
	if (ret) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: Unable to request memory regions\n");
		goto failed_dma_map;
	}

	denali->flash_reg = ioremap_nocache(csr_base, csr_len);
	if (!denali->flash_reg) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: Unable to remap memory region\n");
		ret = -ENOMEM;
		goto failed_req_regions;
	}

	denali->flash_mem = ioremap_nocache(mem_base, mem_len);
	if (!denali->flash_mem) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: ioremap_nocache failed!");
		ret = -ENOMEM;
		goto failed_remap_reg;
	}

	denali_hw_init(denali);
	denali_drv_init(denali);

	/* denali_isr register is done after all the hardware
	 * initilization is finished*/
	if (request_irq(dev->irq, denali_isr, IRQF_SHARED,
			DENALI_NAND_NAME, denali)) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "Spectra: Unable to allocate IRQ\n");
		ret = -ENODEV;
		goto failed_remap_mem;
	}

	/* now that our ISR is registered, we can enable interrupts */
	denali_set_intr_modes(denali, true);

	pci_set_drvdata(dev, denali);
//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int softpcie_pci_init(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *ent)
{
	struct dma  *bar2_dma = &sp->dev.bar2_dma;
	struct mmio *bar0 = &sp->dev.bar0;
	struct mmio *bar2 = &sp->dev.bar2;
	int rc;

	pr_info("%s\n", __func__);

	rc = pci_enable_device(pdev);
	if (rc)
		goto error;

	rc = pci_request_regions(pdev, DRV_NAME);
	if (rc)
		goto error;

	/* set BUS Master Mode */
	pci_set_master(pdev);

	/* BAR0 (pcie pio) */
	bar0->start = pci_resource_start(pdev, 0);
	bar0->end   = pci_resource_end(pdev, 0);
	bar0->flags = pci_resource_flags(pdev, 0);
	bar0->len   = pci_resource_len(pdev, 0);
	bar0->virt  = ioremap(bar0->start, bar0->len);
	if(!bar0->virt) {
		pr_err("cannot ioremap MMIO0 base\n");
		goto error;
	}
	pr_info("bar0_start: %X\n", (uint32_t)bar0->start);
	pr_info("bar0_end  : %X\n", (uint32_t)bar0->end);
	pr_info("bar0_flags: %X\n", (uint32_t)bar0->flags);
	pr_info("bar0_len  : %X\n", (uint32_t)bar0->len);

	/* BAR2 (pcie DMA) */
	bar2->start = pci_resource_start(pdev, 2);
	bar2->end   = pci_resource_end(pdev, 2);
	bar2->flags = pci_resource_flags(pdev, 2);
	bar2->len   = pci_resource_len(pdev, 2);
	bar2->virt  = ioremap(bar2->start, bar2->len);
	if (!bar2->virt) {
		pr_err("cannot ioremap MMIO1 base\n");
		goto error;
	}
	pr_info("bar2_virt : %p\n", bar2->virt);
	pr_info("bar2_start: %X\n", (uint32_t)bar2->start);
	pr_info("bar2_end  : %X\n", (uint32_t)bar2->end);
	pr_info("bar2_flags: %X\n", (uint32_t)bar2->flags);
	pr_info("bar2_len  : %X\n", (uint32_t)bar2->len);

	/* BAR2 (pcie DMA) */
	bar2_dma->virt = dma_alloc_coherent(&pdev->dev, DMA_BUF_SIZE, &bar2_dma->phys, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!bar2_dma->virt) {
		pr_err("cannot dma_alloc_coherent\n");
		goto error;
	}
	pr_info("bar2_dma_virt: %p\n", bar2_dma->virt);
	pr_info("bar2_dma_phys: %X\n", (uint32_t)bar2_dma->phys);

	return 0;

error:
	pr_info("softpcie_pci_init error\n");
	pci_release_regions(pdev);
	pci_disable_device(pdev);
	return -1;
}

static int ivshmem_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *dev,
					const struct pci_device_id *id)
{
	struct uio_info *info;
	struct ivshmem_info *ivshmem_info;
	int nvectors = 4;

	info = kzalloc(sizeof(struct uio_info), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!info)
		return -ENOMEM;

	ivshmem_info = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ivshmem_info), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!ivshmem_info) {
		kfree(info);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	if (pci_enable_device(dev))
		goto out_free;

	if (pci_request_regions(dev, "ivshmem"))
		goto out_disable;

	info->mem[0].addr = pci_resource_start(dev, 0);
	if (!info->mem[0].addr)
		goto out_release;

	info->mem[0].size = (pci_resource_len(dev, 0) + PAGE_SIZE - 1)
		& PAGE_MASK;
	info->mem[0].internal_addr = pci_ioremap_bar(dev, 0);
	if (!info->mem[0].internal_addr)
		goto out_release;

	info->mem[0].memtype = UIO_MEM_PHYS;
	info->mem[0].name = "registers";

	info->mem[1].addr = pci_resource_start(dev, 2);
	if (!info->mem[1].addr)
		goto out_unmap;

	info->mem[1].size = pci_resource_len(dev, 2);
	info->mem[1].memtype = UIO_MEM_PHYS;
	info->mem[1].name = "shmem";

	ivshmem_info->uio = info;
	ivshmem_info->dev = dev;

	if (request_msix_vectors(ivshmem_info, nvectors) != 0) {
		dev_info(&ivshmem_info->dev->dev, "regular IRQs\n");
		info->irq = dev->irq;
		info->irq_flags = IRQF_SHARED;
		info->handler = ivshmem_handler;
		writel(0xffffffff, info->mem[0].internal_addr + IntrMask);
	} else {
		dev_info(&ivshmem_info->dev->dev, "MSI-X enabled\n");
		pci_set_master(dev);
		info->irq = -1;
	}

	info->name = "ivshmem";
	info->version = "0.0.1";

	if (uio_register_device(&dev->dev, info))
		goto out_unmap;

	pci_set_drvdata(dev, ivshmem_info);

	return 0;
out_unmap:
	iounmap(info->mem[0].internal_addr);
out_release:
	pci_release_regions(dev);
out_disable:
	pci_disable_device(dev);
out_free:
	kfree(ivshmem_info);
	kfree(info);
	return -ENODEV;
}

static int snd_via82xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
			      struct pci_dev *pci,
			      int chip_type,
			      int revision,
			      unsigned int ac97_clock,
			      struct via82xx_modem **r_via)
{
	struct via82xx_modem *chip;
	int err;
        static struct snd_device_ops ops = {
		.dev_free =	snd_via82xx_dev_free,
        };

	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
		return err;

	if ((chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL)) == NULL) {
		pci_disable_device(pci);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
	chip->card = card;
	chip->pci = pci;
	chip->irq = -1;

	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->driver)) < 0) {
		kfree(chip);
		pci_disable_device(pci);
		return err;
	}
	chip->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_via82xx_interrupt, IRQF_SHARED,
			KBUILD_MODNAME, chip)) {
		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
		snd_via82xx_free(chip);
		return -EBUSY;
	}
	chip->irq = pci->irq;
	if (ac97_clock >= 8000 && ac97_clock <= 48000)
		chip->ac97_clock = ac97_clock;
	synchronize_irq(chip->irq);

	if ((err = snd_via82xx_chip_init(chip)) < 0) {
		snd_via82xx_free(chip);
		return err;
	}

	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
		snd_via82xx_free(chip);
		return err;
	}

	/* The 8233 ac97 controller does not implement the master bit
	 * in the pci command register. IMHO this is a violation of the PCI spec.
	 * We call pci_set_master here because it does not hurt. */
	p