multipart 请求是多部件请求体,一般来多用于上传文件等场景,由于文件上传,请求体会比较大,就不适合在内存中构建完整的请求体(例如使用bytes.Buffer )。
这种情况就可以考虑使用Pipe ,它会返回一个Writer 和一个Reader ,管道流,顾名思义,一头读,一头写。读取磁盘文件,写入网络,并不会缓存在内存中。非常适合这种场景。
func Pipe() (*PipeReader, *PipeWriter) {
p := &pipe{
wrCh: make(chan []byte),
rdCh: make(chan int),
done: make(chan struct{}),
}
return &PipeReader{p}, &PipeWriter{p}
}
Demo
package main
import (
"context"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
"mime/multipart"
"net/http"
"net/textproto"
"strings"
"time"
)
func main(){
// Http 服务
ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
ch := make(chan struct{})
go server(ctx, ch)
// 管道流
r, w := io.Pipe()
defer r.Close()
// 创建 multipart,指定writer
formWriter := multipart.NewWriter(w)
go func() {
defer w.Close()
var writer io.Writer
// 快速构建普通表单项,key/value都是字符串
formWriter.WriteField("lang", "PHP是宇宙最好的语言")
// 构建普通的表单项,通过Writer写入数据
writer, _ = formWriter.CreateFormField("lang")
writer.Write([]byte("Java是世界上最好的语言"))
// 构建文件表单项,指定表单名称,以及文件名称,通过Writer写入数据,默认的ContentType 是 application/octet-stream
writer, _ = formWriter.CreateFormFile("file", "app.json")
jsonVal, _ := json.Marshal(map[string] string {"name": "KevinBlandy"})
writer.Write(jsonVal)
// 自定义part表单项,可以添加自定义的header
header := textproto.MIMEHeader{}
header.Set("Content-Disposition", `form-data; name="file"; filename="app1.json"`) // 自定表单字段名称,文件名称,这是必须的
header.Set("Content-Type", `application/octet-stream`) // 指定ContentType,这是必须的
writer, _ = formWriter.CreatePart(header)
writer.Write([]byte("foo"))
// 完成写入,需要调用close方法
formWriter.Close()
}()
// 创建http客户端
client := http.Client{}
// 创建request请求,指定body reader
req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "http://127.0.0.1/upload", r)
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", formWriter.FormDataContentType()) // 需要正确的设置ContentType
// 执行请求获取响应
resp, _ := client.Do(req)
defer resp.Body.Close()
// 获取响应
data, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(data))
// 停止服务器
cancel()
// 等待退出
<- ch
}
func server(ctx context.Context, ch chan <- struct{}){
router := gin.Default()
router.POST("/upload", func(ctx *gin.Context) {
form, _ := ctx.MultipartForm()
fmt.Println("普通表单项-------------------")
for key, value := range form.Value {
fmt.Printf("name=%s, value=%s\n", key, strings.Join(value, ","))
}
fmt.Println("文件表单项-------------------")
for key, value := range form.File {
for _, file := range value {
fmt.Printf("name=%s, size=%d, fileName=%s, headers=%v\n", key, file.Size, file.Filename, file.Header)
}
}
ctx.Writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plan")
ctx.Writer.WriteString("success")
})
server := http.Server{
Addr: ":80",
Handler: router,
}
// 启动服务
go func() {
if err := server.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
log.Panic(err)
}
}()
for {
select {
case <- ctx.Done():{
ctx, _ := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second * 2)
server.Shutdown(ctx)
log.Println("服务器停止...")
ch <- struct{}{}
return
}
}
}
}
日志输出
[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Creating an Engine instance with the Logger and Recovery middleware already attached.
[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Running in "debug" mode. Switch to "release" mode in production.
- using env: export GIN_MODE=release
- using code: gin.SetMode(gin.ReleaseMode)
[GIN-debug] POST /upload --> main.server.func1 (3 handlers)
普通表单项-------------------
name=lang, value=PHP是宇宙最好的语言,Java是世界上最好的语言
文件表单项-------------------
name=file, size=22, fileName=app.json, headers=map[Content-Disposition:[form-data; name="file"; filename="app.json"] Content-Type:[application/octet-stream]]
name=file, size=3, fileName=app1.json, headers=map[Content-Disposition:[form-data; name="file"; filename="app1.json"] Content-Type:[application/octet-stream]]
[GIN] 2021/01/17 - 14:00:33 | 200 | 0s | 127.0.0.1 | POST "/upload"
success
2021/01/17 14:00:34 服务器停止...
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